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Quiz Session - Attempts With Random Questions

ACSM-CEP Exam Questions

Page 10 of 25

181.

A client reports that she wants to start exercising, but she doesn't like to walk because the impact hurts her knees. How could the CEP help the client overcome this barrier and begin exercising?

  • The client should be encouraged to ride a stationary bicycle, as it will produce very little impact and should be much easier on her joints

  • The client should be encouraged to walk anyway, because the benefits of walking outweigh the potential damage to her joints

  • The client should be encouraged to try jumping rope as an alternative to walking

  • The client should be encouraged to only perform flexibility exercise until she is ready to resume walking

Correct answer: The client should be encouraged to ride a stationary bicycle, as it will produce very little impact and should be much easier on her joints

Walking is a great exercise for many reasons, but it is not the right choice for everyone. If this client doesn't want to walk because of the impact, she should be introduced to other methods, such as biking, that will enable her to achieve the same benefits of walking without the potential pain and risks.

Jumping rope would create as much or more impact than walking. The client should be encouraged to find ways to perform all different modes of exercise including cardiorespiratory movements, resistance training, and flexibility training.

182.

Which of the following is an important component of the pretest discussion with the patient?

  • Ensuring that the patient understands the purpose of the test

  • Telling the patient that the test will be terminated as soon as they reach their age-predicted max heart rate

  • Instructing the patient that the test will be terminated as soon as they start sweating profusely

  • Instructing the patient that they should experience no discomfort whatsoever during the test

Correct answer: Ensuring that the patient understands the purpose of the test

Patients need to have informed consent for any medical procedure or test they undergo. While other people in the process may have obtained the patient's consent, the clinician supervising and running the exercise test needs to confirm that the patient did consent to this procedure and that they understand why the testing is important.

Testing should never be terminated at age-predicted max heart rate, but rather when the patient has reached true cardiorespiratory fatigue (or another appropriate reason for terminating the test). Sweating is not an indication of fatigue and should not be used as a guide for terminating an exercise test. The patient will likely experience discomfort during the test.

183.

Which of the following would be a good way to increase a client's self-efficacy?

  • Encouraging a client to work out in a group with others of similar ages and ability levels

  • Encouraging a client to work out alone to decrease distractions

  • Encouraging a client to delay starting an exercise program until they can confidently work out alone

  • Encouraging a client to participate in a form of exercise they do not like to develop mental toughness

Correct answer: Encouraging a client to work out in a group with others of similar ages and ability levels

By seeing others of similar ability levels and age make changes to their behavior, clients often experience improved self-efficacy.

Encouraging a client to work out alone is unlikely to increase self-efficacy. Encouraging a client to delay starting an exercise program may cause them to lose their motivation. Encouraging a client to participate in forms of exercise they don't like is unlikely to improve their self-efficacy.

184.

A client who has not exercised or gotten sufficient physical activity in the past 10 years wants to begin an exercise program. If he demonstrates clear signs or symptoms of diabetes, but has not been formally diagnosed, should this client be referred to a physician prior to starting an exercise program?

  • Yes, sedentary clients who display obvious signs of disease should be referred for medical clearance prior to starting an exercise program

  • No, if the client has no diagnosed diseases, the CEP does not need to refer him for medical clearance

  • Yes, all clients, regardless of disease status, should be screened by a physician prior to starting an exercise program

  • The CEP should use their best judgment about whether or not the client should be referred for medical clearance

Correct answer: Yes, sedentary clients who display obvious signs of disease should be referred for medical clearance prior to starting an exercise program

The CEP must understand that patients may not regularly meet with their doctors and that doctors can, on occasion, miss signs of disease. Patients who are sedentary and showing signs or symptoms of disease should be referred for medical clearance prior to starting an exercise program.

Whether the disease has been diagnosed or not is irrelevant, the CEP has a duty to keep their client safe by noting any concerning signs and taking the proper steps in getting the patient seen by a medical professional. Not all clients need to be screened prior to starting an exercise program. The CEP should follow proper protocols, not rely solely on their judgment.

185.

Which of the following is not a general category of clinical questions that can be answered through exercise testing?

  • Cognitive capacity questions

  • Diagnostic questions

  • Prognostic questions

  • Therapeutic questions

Correct answer: Cognitive capacity questions

Cognitive capacity is generally not tested directly through clinical exercise testing. There may be some indirect associations with cognitive abilities, but the tests themselves are not generally designed to answer cognitive-based questions. Clinical exercise testing can answer three general questions:

  • Diagnostic: unusual/abnormal responses to exercise
  • Prognostic: potential outcomes based on a disease
  • Therapeutic: whether an intervention impacted any health measures

186.

A patient with diabetes states that when she exercises at home, she likes to do so in her bare feet. How might the CEP respond to this information?

  • "You should consider wearing protective footwear when you're exercising and moving around, as people with diabetes can sometimes step on sharp objects and injure their feet."

  • "That's great! Working out in bare feet can help to strengthen foot muscles, which is important for general health."

  • "As long as you aren't lifting extremely heavy weights, working out in your bare feet is fine."

  • "You shouldn't be working out at home. It could be dangerous with your condition."

Correct answer: "You should consider wearing protective footwear when you're exercising and moving around, as people with diabetes can sometimes step on sharp objects and injure their feet."

People with diabetes can develop reduced sensation in their feet and hands. As a result, they may develop wounds or injuries to the bottoms of their feet and not even realize it. Good considerations for preventing foot wounds in diabetic patients are teaching the patient to use a mirror to check the bottom of her feet, wearing protective footwear when she is up and moving around, and reporting any new sensory changes to her medical professionals.

187.

Which of the following is true regarding acclimatization in stressful environments?

  • After 8-14 days, the circulatory system tends to demonstrate improved function in hot, cold, and high altitude environments

  • After 8-14 days, the muscular system tends to demonstrate decreased function in hot, cold, and high altitude environments

  • After 8-14 days, exercise performance generally improves in cold environments

  • After 8-14 days, respiratory system function tends to improve in both hot and cold environments

Correct answer: After 8-14 days, the circulatory system tends to demonstrate improved function in hot, cold, and high altitude environments

The circulatory system tends to acclimate well to changes in the environment after 8 to 14 days. For this reason, many people going on hikes or athletes competing in an event will get to a stressful environment early to allow their bodies to acclimate.

The muscular system tends to demonstrate improved function in hot, cold, and high altitude environments after 8 to 14 days. Exercise performance generally decreases in cold environments. Respiratory system function doesn't tend to improve after 8 to 14 days in hot and/or cold environments.

188.

A client performs a very intense leg workout on a Tuesday. On Wednesday, she calls the CEP to inform him that she has to go out of town on Thursday, but she would love to fit another leg workout in before she leaves. 

How should the CEP respond?

  • The CEP should inform this client that muscles need a minimum of 48 hours to recover after intense exercise, but that she could do an upper body workout instead on Wednesday

  • The CEP should applaud this patient for being willing to workout two days in a row and should take her through another leg workout on Wednesday

  • The CEP should inform the client that as long as it has been 24 hours, there is no harm in working the same muscle group again, and he should schedule her for a leg workout on Wednesday

  • The CEP should inform the client that it takes a minimum of 72 hours for muscles to recover after a workout, so she should wait until she gets back from her trip to work out

Correct answer: The CEP should inform this client that muscles need a minimum of 48 hours to recover after intense exercise, but that she could do an upper body workout instead on Wednesday

Not allowing sufficient recovery of muscles after a workout can lead to a host of different issues, such as tendonitis or other overtraining-related problems. This client should be encouraged to workout with a different muscle group on Wednesday, but to wait at least 48 hours before completing another leg workout.

189.

For which of the following patients with prostate cancer would "watchful waiting" be an appropriate treatment strategy?

  • A 50-year-old man with no health issues who has asymptomatic prostate cancer that was identified in the early stages

  • A 45-year-old man with prostate cancer that has spread to nearby tissues

  • A 62-year-old man with prostate cancer who is having problems urinating

  • A 50-year-old man with prostate cancer that has grown steadily over the past year

Correct answer: A 50-year-old man with no health issues who has asymptomatic prostate cancer that was identified in the early stages

While every prostate cancer case is different, apparently healthy men who demonstrate no symptoms and who have had their cancer identified early will often choose to monitor their symptoms before pursuing surgery, chemotherapy, or another treatment.

Cancer that has begun to spread to other tissues will likely require a more aggressive treatment strategy such as radiation therapy or surgery. Those who demonstrate symptoms associated with prostate cancer may need to pursue more aggressive treatment options. Cancer that has been steadily growing needs to be addressed.

190.

On the eighth minute of the Bruce Treadmill Protocol, the patient should be ambulating at what speed?

  • 3.4 MPH

  • 4.2 MPH

  • 5.0 MPH

  • 1.7 MPH

Correct answer: 3.4 MPH

During the third stage of the Bruce Protocol, which includes minutes 7 to 9, patients will be walking at 3.4 MPH.

Patients walk at 4.2 MPH during stage 4. Patients walk at 5.0 MPH during stage 5. Patients walk at 1.7 MPH during stage 1.

191.

Based only on the information given, which of the following patients is not at risk for developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease?

  • A 35-year-old male

  • A 60-year-old woman

  • A man with a BMI of 38 kg/m^2

  • A current cigarette smoker

Correct answer: A 35-year-old male

As far as age is concerned, men must be 45 years or older to receive a positive risk factor for atherosclerotic CVD.

Women must be 55 years or older to receive a risk factor for atherosclerotic CVD. A BMI greater than 30 kg/m^2 is a risk factor for atherosclerotic CVD. Current cigarette smoking is a risk factor for atherosclerotic CVD.

192.

Which of the following is true regarding endorsements?

  • Before relaying any information from an advertiser, an endorser must verify the claims with one or more independent sources

  • If a product that was recommended by a CEP has been recalled, the CEP doesn't have to worry about any legal consequences

  • If a CEP accepts money to promote a product, the CEP has no obligation to disclose this information to his clients

  • Advertisers can continue to use an endorser to promote a product, even if the endorser changes his opinion about said product

Correct answer: Before relaying any information from an advertiser, an endorser must verify the claims with one or more independent sources

Any products that make unrealistic claims or seem to be illegitimate could come back to cause tons of legal problems for the endorser down the road if he doesn't perform his due diligence. 

If a product that was recommended by a CEP has been recalled, the CEP must immediately stop recommending this product, or face serious legal consequences. If a CEP accepts money to promote a product, the CEP must disclose this information to his clients. If an endorser changes his opinion about a product, the advertiser may no longer use the endorser in their advertising campaigns.

193.

Which of the following is a function of the pelvic floor muscles?

  • The pelvic floor muscles increase intraabdominal pressure

  • The pelvic floor muscles are the major flexors and extensors of the hip

  • The pelvic floor muscles are the primary abductors of the hip

  • The pelvic floor muscles extend the lumbar spine

Correct answer: The pelvic floor muscles increase intraabdominal pressure

The pelvic floor is a group of muscles that serves to increase intraabdominal pressure, support the rectum, stop the flow of urine, and stabilize the back and hips.

This group of muscles does not assist with hip flexion or extension. The pelvic floor does not participate in abduction to any appreciable degree. The pelvic floor muscles do not directly help with extension of the lumbar spine.

194.

Regarding the protective health effects of cardiorespiratory endurance seen in middle age and later years, which of the following statements is correct?

  • The protective effects of cardiorespiratory fitness that a person achieves in midlife can last for as much as 20 years

  • The protective effects of cardiorespiratory fitness that a person achieves in midlife do not last beyond middle age

  • If the person was sedentary for most of their life up until middle age, no protective effects can be achieved through cardiorespiratory exercise

  • Only very vigorous, daily cardiorespiratory exercise can provide protective cardiorespiratory benefits for those in midlife

Correct answer: The protective effects of cardiorespiratory fitness that a person achieves in midlife can last for as much as 20 years

The healthy steps a person takes in middle age can continue to benefit them for as much as 20 years later. It doesn't take very intense or vigorous exercise to achieve this result, rather, the person can walk or jog and realize the protective health effects in question.

195.

Which of the following is accurate with regard to autonomic dysreflexia?

  • It typically occurs in people with spinal cord injuries above the level of T6 and causes high heart rate and blood pressure

  • Autonomic dysreflexia is a normal process in patients with spinal cord injury and is not a cause for concern

  • Intentional induction of autonomic dysreflexia is necessary for Paralympic athletes to remain competitive

  • Autonomic dysreflexia is a condition of the brain, not the spinal cord

Correct answer: It typically occurs in people with spinal cord injuries above the level of T6 and causes high heart rate and blood pressure

Autonomic dysreflexia can be a life-threatening issue and must be dealt with immediately or prevented, if possible. Intentional induction of autonomic dysreflexia is considered "doping" and is illegal in competition. Autonomic dysreflexia deals with the autonomic nervous system.

196.

A patient with severe, late-stage COPD, who is unable to exercise past roughly 3 METs would most likely benefit from which type of clinical exercise testing or alternatives to exercise testing?

  • Nuclear testing

  • Echocardiogram

  • Treadmill testing

  • Cycle ergometry

Correct answer: Nuclear testing

Because of the pathological enlargement of the lungs seen in patients with COPD, echocardiograms are unable to pick up images as well. Further, patients who have advanced pulmonary diseases who are at such a low level of physical fitness may be unable to even get past the first minute of a test such as the Bruce protocol. For this reason, the clinician might consider running an alternative test, and a nuclear test would likely be the best option for this patient.

197.

Which of the following techniques would fulfill the "Measurable" requirement of a SMART goal?

  • Using a step counting app

  • Establishing how long it will take to reach the goal

  • Ensuring that the goal can reasonably be achieved

  • Indicating what type and intensity of exercise will be performed to achieve the goal

Correct answer: Using a step counting app

SMART goals are those that are Specific, Measurable, Adjustable, Realistic, and Timely. For a goal to be measurable, the behavior must be able to be monitored in some way. Goals can be measured through apps, pen and paper methods, or through any number of other means. 

Establishing how long it will take to reach the goal fulfills the "Timely" component of a SMART goal. Ensuring that the goal can be reasonably achieved fulfills the "Realistic" component of a SMART goal. Indicating what type and intensity of exercise will be performed fulfills the "Specific" component of a SMART goal.

198.

Which of the following is the best definition for the term "muscular strength"?

  • A muscle's ability to produce force

  • The ability for muscles to perform a continuous task without fatiguing

  • The available range of motion within a given joint

  • The ability of the heart and lungs to provide oxygen to working muscles during exercise

Correct answer: A muscle's ability to produce force

Muscular strength is a measure of how much force a given muscle can exert. Often, this component of fitness is measured through one rep max tests or similar measures.

The ability for muscles to perform a continuous task without fatiguing is muscular endurance. The available range of motion within a given joint describes flexibility. The ability of the heart and lungs to provide oxygen to working muscles during exercise describes cardiorespiratory endurance.

199.

Which of the following is not part of the "triple extensor" group of muscles in the lower extremities?

  • The sartorius

  • The quadriceps

  • The gluteus maximus

  • The gastrocnemius

Correct answer: The sartorius 

Used during running, jumping, squatting, and most functional movements of the lower body, the triple extensors are composed of the muscles that extend the hip, knee, and ankle, respectively. Ankle extension is typically referred to as plantarflexion, which sometimes makes it hard to remember which muscles are involved for the talocrural joint.

200.

Which of the following best describes residual volume?

  • The volume of air left in the lungs after a maximum exhalation

  • The amount of air in a normal breath in and out

  • The amount of air that can be breathed in after a normal tidal breath

  • The amount of carbon dioxide present in each inspiration

Correct answer: The volume of air left in the lungs after a maximum exhalation

Residual volume helps to maintain the integrity of the lungs and keeps them from collapsing. 

The amount of air in a normal breath in and out is referred to as tidal volume. The amount of air that can be breathed in after a normal tidal breath is known as inspiratory reserve volume. The amount of carbon dioxide present in each inspiration does not have an official name.

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