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Quiz Session - Attempts With Random Questions

CNA Exam Questions

Page 7 of 28

121.

Of the following physical conditions, which is best treated by placing the patient in Fowler's position?

  • Respiratory distress

  • Vaginal bleeding

  • Stroke

  • Shock

Correct answer: Respiratory distress

Fowler's position is a semi-sitting position. The head of the bed is raised between 45 and 60 degrees. The knees may be slightly elevated or resting flat on the bed. This position facilitates the relaxation of the abdominal muscles, allowing for improved breathing.

122.

The nursing supervisor is occupied assisting with a complicated dressing change. Several call lights ring at once. Which of the following patients should you attend to first?

  • A patient who is complaining of shortness of breath

  • A patient who has requested that you empty his urinal

  • A patient who is requesting that you cut her meat

  • A patient who is postoperative and is complaining of incisional pain

Correct answer: A patient who is complaining of shortness of breath

All of these patients need attending to, but anytime a patient complains of difficulty breathing, chest pain or shortness of breath, respond immediately. These patients always take priority over patients who need simple tasks performed. Notify the patient's nurse at once when a patient complains of chest pain or shortness of breath/difficulty breathing.

123.

You find a patient lying in bed. The patient does not respond to you when you call their name loudly and shake their shoulder. What should you do?

  • Call for help

  • Check for breathing

  • Begin cardiac compressions

  • Check for a pulse

Correct answer: Call for help

If a patient is unresponsive, you should activate the emergency response system (call for help). If the patient is unresponsive and is not breathing, you will need to start CPR. If the patient is unresponsive but is breathing and has a pulse, stay with the patient and monitor them until help arrives.

124.

You tell a member of the public, who has no relationship with your patient, personal facts about the patient's physical condition and financial information. This is considered to be which of the following?

  • Invasion of privacy

  • Breach of trust

  • Battery

  • Assault

Correct answer: Invasion of privacy

Unauthorized disclosure of private patient information, whether verbally, in writing, or by transfer of documents, is an actionable breach of the health care worker's duty of confidentiality. The patient could sue for invasion of privacy and could be awarded damages for psychological and emotional harm.

125.

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis typically have joint pain. In the mornings, it is _________.

  • Worse

  • Better

  • Absent

  • Sporadic

Correct answer: Worse

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that attacks the lining of the joints. It is characterized by pain that is worse in the morning. It improves once the individual is up and moving. The pain of osteoarthritis is generally worse with activity.

126.

Your deceased patient's wife is visibly upset and talks to you about her feelings regarding her husband's death. What should you do?

  • Actively listen and attempt to comfort her

  • Tell her that she may be better off speaking to a professional counselor

  • Offer to call a member of the clergy to come and talk to her

  • Ask the nurse to speak to her

Correct answer: Actively listen and attempt to comfort her

When a patient or family member is upset and chooses to share their feelings with you, you should actively listen and attempt to comfort the person. You are as capable of active listening as any other professional.

127.

How many lobes does the right lung have?

  • 3

  • 2

  • 4

  • 1

Correct answer: 3

The right lung has three lobes, while the left has only two. This is because the heart takes up some of the room on the left side of the chest.

128.

In which food group is Vitamin C found?

  • Fruits and vegetables

  • Dairy

  • Protein

  • Breads and cereals

Correct answer: Fruits and vegetables

Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin found in abundance in fruits and vegetables. Vitamin C's major functions in the body are: forming substances that hold tissues together, helping keep blood vessels, skin, gums, bones, and teeth healthy; promoting wound healing and preventing bleeding. 

Grains (breads and cereals), dairy products, meats and protein contain very little Vitamin C.

129.

When a patient is transferring from a bed to a wheelchair, where should the CNA be positioned?

  • In front of the patient

  • To the left of the patient

  • To the right of the patient

  • Behind the patient

Correct answer: In front of the patient

The CNA should stand in front of the patient to help the patient pivot transfer from the bed to the chair. If the CNA is standing anywhere other than directly in front of the patient, he or she will be unable to adequately assist the patient should the patient begin to fall.

130.

You are ambulating a patient when the patient suddenly states that she feels faint. Her legs begin to tremble. You should:

  • Ease the patient to the floor

  • Go and get the patient a wheelchair

  • Attempt to hold the patient in an upright position

  • Try to walk the patient as quickly as possible to the nearest chair or bench

Correct answer: Ease the patient to the floor

The floor is the safest place for the patient. Do not leave the patient to get a wheelchair and do not try to force the patient to walk any further. Attempting to support the patient upright could cause you to injure yourself.

131.

Your patient has suffered a massive CVA and is unable to move without assistance. Upon entering the patient's room, the patient begins to vomit fresh blood. What should be your first action?

  • Turn the patient onto his side in the side-lying position

  • Call for help

  • Get an emesis basin

  • Clean up the patient and change any soiled linens

Correct answer: Turn the patient onto his/her side in a side-lying position

You should immediately turn the patient onto his or her side. Patients who are unable to mobilize independently can choke when lying on their backs, and may aspirate (inhale vomitus/blood into the lungs), which may cause pneumonia or respiratory distress. Once you have turned the patient, call for help. There is no need to call a code if the patient is breathing and has a pulse. Cleaning up the patient and changing the patient's linens can wait until the patient is stable.

132.

Physical restraints should be used:

  • When other less restrictive methods have been tried and found to be ineffective

  • For discipline

  • When staff is too busy to carefully watch a confused and wandering patient (for staff convenience)

  • For long periods of time to treat violent or aggressive behaviors that are harmful or threatening to the patient or to others

Correct answer: When other less restrictive methods have been tried and found to be ineffective

Physical restraints should be used only when all other measures to keep the patient safe have been exhausted. Physical restraints require both a physician's order and permission from the patient or the patient's guardian. Physical restraints should never be used as a form of punishment and should only be used for a certain time for the person's well-being.

133.

Choose the list of foods that would be included when measuring fluid intake:

  • Jello, soup, water

  • Soup, ice cream, ham sandwich

  • Ice cream, tea, mashed potatoes

  • Scrambled eggs, juice, coffee

Correct answer: Jello, soup, water

Ice cream, tea, coffee, jello, soup, juice, and water would all be recorded as fluid intake.

Scrambled eggs, mashed potatoes, and a ham sandwich are not considered fluids, and therefore would not be included.

134.

HS care is provided:

  • Prior to bedtime

  • Prior to lunch

  • In the morning

  • After meals

Correct answer: Prior to bedtime

HS care is care that is provided to the patient prior to bedtime. HS means 'at bedtime.' It may also be referred to as PM care. It generally includes assisting the patient to wash and change into their night clothes, clean their teeth and ready themselves for bed. AC is the abbreviation for before meals, PC means after meals, and typically morning care would be abbreviated as  'AM care.'

135.

What should you do when providing a backrub?

  • Rub bony prominences with a light circular motion

  • Avoid rubbing bony prominences

  • Use alcohol to lubricate the skin

  • Apply forceful pressure in a downward motion

Correct answer: Rub bony prominences with a light circular motion

You should massage bony prominences with a gentle circular motion to increase blood supply to these areas. Uncover only the back, preserving patient privacy. Alcohol is drying to the skin and should not be used. Do not apply forceful pressure. A backrub should be relaxing, not painful.

136.

What is the initial sign of a pressure ulcer?

  • Redness of the skin, often overlying a bony prominence

  • Bruising

  • Edema (swelling)

  • Pain

Correct answer: Redness of the skin, often overlying a bony prominence

Pressure ulcers often start out as reddened areas that do not blanch (non-blanchable erythema) over a bony prominence. The sacrum is the most common site for a pressure ulcer. As they progress, there may be pain, swelling, and discoloration of the skin. Drainage may occur if the ulcer progresses far enough. If you notice redness over a bony prominence, offloading is required. Ensure that the patient is not lying on the affected area by repositioning the patient.

137.

"Mrs. B seems to be unwell today." This observation is ineffective because:

  • There is no supporting evidence

  • It may hurt the patient's feelings

  • Only the first initial of the patient's name is used

  • Mrs. B always looks unwell

Correct answer: There is no supporting evidence

Observations should be precise, accurate, and detailed. Observations should not include assumptions. A more accurate statement about Mrs. B. might be: "Mrs. B. ate no lunch, complained of nausea and went to bed right after lunch." This statement provides much more information and backs up the assertion that Mrs. B is unwell.

138.

Your client is very fearful of new people and new situations. Which of the following is an appropriate strategy when dealing with a fearful client?

  • Explain all interventions clearly and tell the patient what to expect

  • Chide them regarding their fears

  • Try to joke with them regarding their fears

  • Sneak up behind them and yell loudly

Correct answer: Explain all interventions clearly and tell the patient what to expect

When patients are fearful of new situations, you should carefully explain any interventions. Mental preparations are important. You should always respect the patient's fears and concerns. Show warmth, sensitivity, and caring. Do not "surprise" them - give them advance warning of any interventions that are scheduled. Allow them to be a part of the decision-making process. Speak softly, do not startle them if possible and never chide them regarding their fears.

139.

You're in a hurry and notice that someone has spilled water in the hallway. What should you do?

  • Get a towel and clean up the spill immediately yourself

  • Call housekeeping and notify them of the location of the spill

  • Tell the nurse

  • Call maintenance and ask them to clean up the spill

Correct answer: Get a towel and clean up the spill immediately yourself

If you notice a spill, wipe it up right away. Do so even if you did not cause the spill. If you leave the spill, someone could slip and fall and injure themselves, leaving your workplace liable. It only takes a minute to clean up a small spill.

140.

All of the following are potential sources of infection except: 

  • A sterile dressing

  • Nasal secretions

  • Blood

  • Sputum

Correct answer: A sterile dressing

Sterile means the absence of all microbes - pathogens and non-pathogens. A sterile dressing, therefore, is not a potential source of infection.

All of the others are potential sources of infection. In addition, wound drainage, saliva, vomit, tears, and breast milk can also carry microorganisms. Wear gloves whenever you come in contact with (or may potentially come in contact with) any and all body fluids to protect yourself.

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