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Quiz Session - Attempts With Random Questions

HESI A2 Exam Questions

Page 10 of 74

181.

How many layers does the digestive tract have?

  • Four

  • Two

  • Three

  • Six

Correct answer: Four

The digestive tract has four layers. The four layers of the digestive tract from innermost to outermost are: mucous, submucous, muscular, and serous layers.

182.

Which of the following is not a principal organ of the nervous system?

  • Thymus

  • Spinal cord

  • Ganglia

  • Brain

Correct answer: Thymus

The thymus is an organ of the lymphatic system, not the nervous system.

The principal organs of the nervous system are the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and ganglia. The principal functions of the nervous system are rapid internal communication, coordination, motor control and sensation.

183.

The opposite of the anatomical term superior is which of the following?

  • Inferior

  • Anterior

  • Posterior

  • Lateral

Correct answer: Inferior

The body planes are imaginary lines used for reference; they include the median plane, the coronal plane, and the transverse plane. A section is a real or imaginary cut along a plane.

  • A cut along the median plane is a sagittal section.
  • A cut along the coronal plane is a frontal section.
  • A cut through the transverse plane is a cross-section.

Important terms of direction include:

  • Superior (above)
  • Inferior (below)
  • Anterior (facing forward)
  • Posterior (toward the back)
  • Medial (toward the midline)
  • Lateral (away from the midline or toward the sides)
  • Proximal (closer to the point of attachment - usually in reference to limbs)
  • Distal (farther away from the point of attachment - usually in reference to limbs)

184.

Duchess, the female Labrador, had a litter of 11 puppies. When the puppies turned 6 weeks old, 2 of the puppies were adopted; at 8 weeks old, 2 more puppies were adopted; and at 10 weeks old, 4 puppies were adopted. How many puppies does Duchess still have?

  • 3 puppies

  • 2 puppies

  • 4 puppies

  • 5 puppies

Correct answer: 3 puppies

You will need to subtract the total number of puppies that were adopted from the initial number of puppies. 11 - 2 - 2 - 4 = 3

185.

If a homozygous dominant organism is crossed with a heterozygous organism, what is the likelihood of producing a heterozygous organism?

  • 50%

  • 25%

  • 75%

  • 100%

Correct answer: 50%

By using a Punnett square, we can see that matching a homozygous dominant (RR) with a heterozygous (Rr) will produce four possible outcomes: RR, RR, Rr, Rr. This gives a 50% chance of Rr.

186.

Which of the following options is an example of an ionic bond?

  • Salt

  • Water

  • Methane

  • Ammonia

Correct answer: Salt

Salt is an example of an ionic bond as it has an attraction between two ions that are oppositely charged.

Water, methane, and ammonia are all covalent bonds, as they are all formed when electrons are shared by two atoms.

187.

Oxidation is best described by which of the following?

  • A loss of electrons

  • A gain of electrons

  • A loss of oxygen

  • A gain of hydrogen

Correct answer: A loss of electrons

Oxidation/reduction reactions (redox) involve the transfer of electrons from one element to another. Oxidation is the loss of electrons, while reduction is the gain of electrons.

188.

Which of the following is the metric system’s basic measure of distance?

  • Meter

  • Inch

  • Foot

  • Yard

Correct answer: Meter

The metric system’s basic measure of distance is meter. Scientists use the metric system of measurement.

Inch, foot, and yard are U.S. customary units of measure.

189.

Cellular respiration is considered to be which of the following reaction types?

  • Catabolic reaction

  • Anabolic reaction

  • Single replacement reaction

  • Decomposition reaction

Correct answer: Catabolic reaction

Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products. Cellular respiration occurs in a series of three complex steps.

Cellular respiration is a catabolic reaction. Catabolic reactions break large molecules down into smaller ones; this process releases energy through the breakage of high-energy molecular bonds.

An anabolic reaction is a reaction that constructs molecules from smaller units. A single replacement reaction is when one element replaces another element in a compound. A decomposition reaction is when one compound splits into two or more pieces.

190.

Water's polar nature allows which of the following to occur?

  • Hydrogen bonding between molecules

  • Chemical reactions within an organism

  • Regeneration of the cell

  • Translation of genetic instructions

Correct answer: Hydrogen bonding between molecules

The most significant aspect of water is the polarity of its bonds that allow for hydrogen bonding between molecules. This type of intermolecular bonding has several resulting benefits.

191.

Which of the following options correctly shows 0.0008056 in scientific notation?

  • 8.056 × 10⁻⁴

  • 80.56 × 10⁻⁵

  • 805.6 × 10⁻⁶

  • 8.056 × 10³

Correct answer: 8.056 × 10⁻⁴

In order to write .0008056 in scientific notation, place the decimal point in a position that provides you with a number between 1 and 10, and then the number of places that you moved the decimal will become the power of 10. 0.0008056 becomes 8.056 × 10⁻⁴. Since the decimal was moved to the right, the power of 10 will be negative. Scientific notation is how scientists write very large or very small numbers.

192.

Find the value of x by solving the following proportion.

18:x = 3:60

  • 360

  • 30

  • 180

  • 75

Correct answer: 360

1. Rewrite the proportion as a fraction

18/x = 3/60

2. Simplify 3/60 to 1/20

18/x = 1/20

3. Multiply both sides by x

18 = 1/20 x

4. Simplify 1/20 x to x/20

18 = x/20

5. Multiply both sides by 20

360 = x

6. Switch sides

x = 360

193.

Which of the following statements about atoms is false?

  • Atoms are most stable when their outer electron shell (valence shell) is incomplete

  • Most of the volume of an atom is empty space

  • As each orbital of an atom is filled to capacity, atoms begin adding electrons to its next orbit

  • Atoms contain electron clouds, which are electrons orbiting the nucleus at high speed and varying energy levels

Correct answer: Atoms are most stable when their outer electron shell (valence shell) is incomplete

Atoms are most stable when they have a full outer electron orbit or shell.

194.

Solve for x:

5x + 3y = 22

y = 2x

  • 2

  • 3

  • 4

  • 5

Correct answer: 2

Rewrite the linear equations as a matrix.

Input Matrix:

5 3 22
2 -1 0

Row Reduction:

2 -1 0
0 11/2 22

Output Matrix:

1 0 2
0 1 4

Therefore:

x=2

y=4

195.

Find the value of x by solving the following proportion.

x:23 = 216:72

  • 69

  • 46

  • 167

  • 115

Correct answer: 69

1. Rewrite the proportion as a fraction

x/23 = 216/72

2. Simplify 216/72 to 3

x/23 = 3

3. Multiply both sides by 23

x = 69

196.

Select the meaning of the italicized word in the sentence below.

The man showed no symptoms but was definitely still sick.

  • Indications

  • Illness

  • Abilities

  • Reasons

Correct answer: Indications

A symptom is an indication of a problem. In this case, the man did not show any symptoms or indications that he was sick.

Illness means sickness. Ability means the talent to do something. Reason means the basis or motive for an action.

197.

Which two items react during photosynthesis?

  • Carbon dioxide and water

  • Glucose and oxygen

  • Carbon dioxide and oxygen

  • Glucose and water

Correct answer: Carbon dioxide and water

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.

Photosynthesis consists of two different stages: the light reactions and the Calvin cycle. Light reactions are those that convert solar energy to chemical energy. The cell accomplishes the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by absorbing light and using that energy to split a water molecule and transfer the electron, thus creating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and producing ATP. These molecules are then used in the Calvin cycle to produce sugar.

The sugar produced is polymerized and stored as a polymer of glucose. These sugars are consumed by organisms or by the plant itself to produce energy by cellular respiration.

198.

If an atom is reduced in a redox reaction, what must happen to another atom in the system?

  • It must be oxidized

  • It must be reduced

  • It must be neutralized

  • Nothing happens to another atom in the system

Correct answer: It must be oxidized

Redox reactions work by oxidizing one atom while reducing another atom, hence the name "redox" which is short for Reduction/Oxidation.

199.

The metric prefix of Tera is abbreviated as T- and has a means of 1012. What does Tera mean numerically?

  • 1 trillion times

  • 1 billion times

  • 1 million times

  • 1 quadrillion times

Correct answer: 1 trillion times

The metric prefix Tera numerically means 1 trillion times.

The metric prefix Giga numerically means 1 billion times. The metric prefix Mega numerically means 1 million times. The metric prefix Peta numerically means 1 quadrillion times.

200.

Which of the following options is a characteristic of a 0° C temperature?

  • Freezing point of pure water

  • Boiling point of pure water

  • Freezing point of sea water

  • Melting ice

Correct answer: Freezing point of pure water

0° C is the freezing point of pure water.

100° C is the boiling point of pure water. 0° F is the freezing point of sea water. 21° C is the temperature for melting ice.

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