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Quiz Session - Attempts With Random Questions

PMI PMP Exam Questions

Page 6 of 56

101.

A team is preparing for a large software project. They complete the planning stages for communication, schedule, stakeholder engagement, and quality from the beginning to the end of the project life cycle. Is the team working in an Agile environment?

  • No, Agile teams plan iteratively, not in one large chunk.

  • Yes, it is a software project.

  • No, projects in Agile environments are not concerned with stakeholders.

  • No, Agile teams self-organize and do not need to plan.

Correct answer: No, Agile teams plan iteratively, not in one large chunk.

Iteration-based Agile employs stories to divide the work into smaller deliveries and requires more frequent planning for smaller portions of an overall project.

"Yes, it is a software project" is incorrect because many software teams use Agile frameworks, but not all.

"No, projects in Agile environments are not concerned with stakeholders" is a false statement. Stakeholders should be engaged regardless of the methodology.

"No, Agile teams self-organize and do not need to plan" is also a false statement. They plan in smaller chunks than traditional teams do, but they certainly need to plan.

102.

Stacy is leading an IT systems upgrade project for an organization whose structure type is organic and simple. She realizes the project will need assistance from the lead engineer of the organization. The engineer tells Stacy that they have higher priority tasks and can't help her.

What is Stacy's best course of action to resolve this situation?

  • Escalate the situation to the owner.

  • Capture the situation in the lessons learned.

  • Consult with a junior engineer to help.

  • Recommend that the project be postponed until the lead engineer has time.

Correct answer: Escalate the situation to the owner.

In a structure that is organic and simple, the project manager will have little to no authority. In this type of environment, the owner or operator is in charge of the budget and project resources. The project manager will need to contact the owner to find a way forward.

103.

You are managing a healthcare software project with an initial budget of $500,000. Project activities thus far have cost $400,000, though your plan shows you should have spent $430,000 to complete them. You consult your schedule and see that the project activities are ahead of schedule.

Which of the following is the BAC (Budget At Completion)?

  • $500,000

  • $430,000

  • $400,000

  • $530,000

Correct answer: $500,000

BAC is the total planned value of the whole project. This project's BAC is $500,000.

104.

You are managing a development project that's well underway. The project's initial budget was set at $1 million. You have performed some schedule and cost performance analysis. As of today, you've spent $300,000 over 550 man-days of activities. Your initial planning indicated this should have cost $225,000. Based on calculations using this data, you re-estimate the remaining project work's required budget at $1.25 million. Which of the following is the Cost Variance (CV) of your project today?

  • -$75,000

  • $250,000

  • $50,000

  • $225,000

Correct answer: -$75,000

The Cost Variance (CV) is a metric used in project management to assess the financial performance of a project, specifically how well the project is sticking to its budget. It is calculated by subtracting the Actual Cost (AC) from the Earned Value (EV). In this scenario:

Earned Value (EV) is $225,000. This value represents the estimated value of the work actually completed.

Actual Cost (AC) is $300,000, which is the actual amount spent on the project.

By calculating EV minus AC ($225,000 - $300,000), we get a Cost Variance of -$75,000. This negative figure indicates the project is over budget. A negative CV is a clear sign that the project is costing more than planned at this stage. In contrast, a positive CV would suggest the project is under budget. Therefore, the Cost Variance of -$75,000 accurately reflects the project's current financial status, showing that it has spent more than what has been earned or planned for the work completed to date.

105.

Jason has been provided with a document that contains the market demand and cost-benefit analysis that justifies the go-ahead of the project. What is this called?

  • Business case

  • Contract

  • Statement of work

  • Organizational asset

Correct answer: Business case

The business case contains the business need and cost-benefit analysis that justifies the go-ahead of the project. It is created as a result of market demand, organizational need, customer request, technological advance, or legal requirement.

All other options refer to other inputs used within the Develop Project Charter process.

106.

You are conducting formal performance reviews of individual staff assigned to your project. In which process are you currently working?

  • Develop team

  • Control resources

  • Collect requirements

  • Estimate activity resources

Correct answer: Develop team

Individual and team assessment tools used in the develop team process allow the project manager and the project team to identify their strengths and weaknesses. They also help assess individual team members' preferences and aspirations and determine how they process and organize information, make decisions, and interact with people. There are various tools available to use in this process, such as attitudinal surveys, specific assessments, structured interviews, ability tests, and focus groups. These tools can provide improved understanding, trust, commitment, and communication among team members and help facilitate more productive teams throughout the project.

Control resources is focused on monitoring and controlling the project resources to ensure they are used effectively and efficiently.

Collect requirements is focused on identifying and documenting stakeholder needs and requirements to meet project objectives.

Estimate activity resources is focused on estimating the type and quantities of resources required to complete project activities.

107.

Jane is the project manager for a software development project. Early in the project, several identified risks occurred. As a result, most of the project objectives have ended up in jeopardy. Jane decides to recommend the termination of the project to management. What is this an example of?

  • Risk Avoidance

  • Risk Acceptance

  • Risk Mitigation

  • Risk Transfer

Correct answer: Risk Avoidance

Risk avoidance involves changing the project management plan to eliminate the risk. In an extreme situation, shutting down a project might be necessary.

Risk Acceptance involves accepting the consequences of the risk and not taking any action to address it. In this case, Jane has identified that the risks have put most of the project objectives in jeopardy, and she has decided that terminating the project is the best course of action.

Risk Mitigation involves taking actions to reduce the probability or impact of the risk. In this case, Jane has already identified that the risks have occurred and have put most of the project objectives in jeopardy.

Risk Transfer involves transferring the risk to a third party, such as an insurance company or a vendor. In this case, Jane has not identified a third party that can take on the risk, and terminating the project may be the best course of action.

108.

You have just conducted a formal walkthrough of the completed project site with the sponsor to obtain approval for the expected deliverables. The sponsors notify you that they are happy with the completed scope. What will you LEAST likely have to update?

  • Quality management plan

  • Lessons learned register

  • Requirements traceability matrix

  • Requirements documentation

Correct answer: Quality management plan

The quality management plan contains information on how policies will be implemented. The situation does not convey anything that has to do with policies or implementation procedures.

After completing a project, it is important to capture any lessons learned so they can be applied to future projects. If the sponsor provides feedback during the walkthrough that highlights areas for improvement, these should be documented in the lessons learned register.

It will be necessary to update the requirements traceability matrix to record that all requirements have been met.

It is still possible that minor updates or clarifications may be needed in the requirements documentation based on feedback received during the walkthrough.

109.

You are in charge of an Agile software development project with 10 releases. Features of this project will be incrementally added within each of the releases. Users have determined an excessive number of defects after the fourth release causing the execution of the risk response plan. The risk response plan enforced additional rigorous testing by the development team.

What must you do FIRST to determine the effectiveness of the risk response plan?

  • Conduct a release retrospective

  • Conduct a sensitivity analysis

  • Conduct a reserve analysis

  • Conduct technical performance analysis

Correct answer: Conduct a release retrospective

A release retrospective is a meeting held at the end of a release to review the release process and identify areas for improvement. By conducting a release retrospective, the project team can evaluate the effectiveness of the risk response plan and identify any areas for improvement in the testing process.

Conducting a technical performance analysis would not provide information on the effectiveness of the risk response plan.

Conducting a sensitivity analysis would not be relevant in this situation as it is used to evaluate the impact of changes in variables on the project.

Conducting a reserve analysis would not provide information on the effectiveness of the risk response plan.

110.

You have been appointed to a new project and will need to identify a team member to monitor, record, and report the realized benefits throughout the life cycle of the project. You need to identify the responsible party for tracking the information and review the project benefits management plan.

What role BEST fits who you are looking for?

  • Benefits owner

  • Human resources coordinator

  • Project sponsor

  • Scrum master

Correct Answer: Benefits owner

A well-constructed benefits management plan will contain the information and identify the benefits owner. This person is responsible for monitoring, recording, and reporting all the realized benefits through the project's life cycle.

Human resources coordinator is incorrect as this role is typically responsible for managing the administrative functions related to human resources.

Project sponsor is also incorrect as this role is responsible for providing overall direction and support for the project, but not specifically for monitoring and reporting on realized benefits.

Scrum master is incorrect as this role is specific to Agile projects, and is responsible for facilitating the Agile process, but not specifically for monitoring and reporting on realized benefits.

111.

In his process of three-point estimation, Craig calculates three estimates. His analysis and understanding make him confident the project can be finished for a total cost of $108,000. Since he is using a three-point estimation, he determines the optimistic cost would be $90,000 and the pessimistic cost would be $138,000. What would Craig's three-point cost estimate be if he chose to use triangular distribution?

  • $112,000

  • $98,000

  • $122,000

  • $100,000

Correct answer: $112,000

$112,000 is the correct answer because the formula for the triangular distribution technique is tE = (tO + tM + tP) / 3.

tE = cost estimate, tO = optimistic, tM = most likely, and tP = pessimistic.

Craig's three-point estimate using beta distribution is (90,000 + 108,000 + 138,000) / 3 = 112,000.

112.

A large healthcare project has a stakeholder group that includes hospital administrators, nursing staff, physician interns, IT staff, and patients. The project team distributes reports and updates via email, hard copies posted in common areas, printed quarterly updates, and social media. Which of the following best describes the emerging trend displayed by this project team?

  • Multiple information cues simultaneously

  • Increased use of social computing

  • Inclusion of stakeholders

  • Cultural awareness

Correct answer: Multiple information cues simultaneously

Multiple information cues simultaneously is the correct answer because it incorporates the various methods the team uses to publish information about the project and get it to the stakeholder group. It's best used in stakeholder groups that are diverse in terms of age and culture.

Increased use of social computing is taking place via social media, but it doesn't describe the whole scenario.

Inclusion of stakeholders was not mentioned as one of the actions the team was taking, so that is not the correct answer.

Cultural awareness likely played a role in developing the team's multiple cues of communication, but it does not refer to this scenario.

113.

In a complex urban development project involving multiple contractors and stakeholders, Isabella is considering various contractual needs. Which type of contract should she employ to address diverse and specific agreements with different parties?

  • Other agreements

  • Fixed-price contract

  • Cost-reimbursable contract

  • Indefinite Delivery Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contract

Correct answer: Other agreements

"Other agreements" are best suited for complex projects involving multiple contractors and stakeholders, where diverse and specific contractual needs are present. These agreements can be tailored to meet the unique requirements of different aspects of the project.

A fixed-price contract locks in costs and does not accommodate the diverse and specific needs of multiple contractors and stakeholders. 

A cost-reimbursable contract allows for reimbursement of actual costs but may not provide the tailored agreements required for different project aspects. 

An Indefinite Delivery Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contract offers flexibility for varying quantities but may not address the unique requirements of each contractor and stakeholder effectively​​​​.

114.

Odin is a new project manager for a corporation specializing in robotics. He has been assigned a project to develop a prosthetic finger prototype. He was asked by a key stakeholder what the key benefit is to developing the project charter. What is Odin's BEST response, considering he is being tested by the stakeholder?

  • It links the project to the strategic objectives of the organization.

  • It gives the project manager the power to direct the project team.

  • To develop the basis of deliverables

  • Ignore the stakeholder unless they have a valid reason to know

Correct answer: It links the project to the strategic objectives of the organization

A key benefit of the development of the project charter is providing a direct link from the project to the strategic objectives of the organization. This creates a formal record of the project and provides proof the organization is committed to the project. 

"It gives the project manager the power to direct the project team" is incorrect. Although the project charter can be used as a formal authorization for the project manager to start working, this is not its main purpose.

"To develop the basis of deliverables" is incorrect. The basis of deliverables is developed in the project management plan.

"Ignore the stakeholder unless they have a valid reason to know" is incorrect. Coaching stakeholders is part of the roles and responsibilities of the project manager.

115.

Gill, a hiring manager, is writing a post on a job board to find a new project manager to lead a highly technical app development project. The project manager will ensure that the project work product is of very high quality. This will be accomplished through project team members and other stakeholders working closely with each other. Which of the following best describes what the focus of the job posting should be?

  • Interpersonal skills

  • Technical skills

  • Engineering skills

  • Adaptive skills

Correct answer: Interpersonal skills

Interpersonal skills are critical to a project manager's success and range in scope from leadership and team building to incorporating decision-making and conflict management, as well as the four components of emotional intelligence:

  1. self-awareness
  2. self-management
  3. social awareness
  4. social skill.

The project manager's role is to ensure the team achieves its goals, which relies on the project manager's interpersonal skills.

Technical skills are the set of abilities and knowledge required for specific technical roles.

Engineering skills relate specifically to engineering.

Adaptive skills is a broad term that refers to the set of abilities that lead to success in different environments.

116.

You are reviewing a high-level document for a new project you've been assigned. The document contains the mission, vision, purpose, success criteria, objectives, high-level requirements, assumptions, risks, key stakeholders, and the name of the project manager it has been assigned to. What other information should be captured in the document you are reviewing?

  • Milestones schedule and key deliverables

  • Cost-benefit analysis and business needs

  • Formal procurement closure requirements

  • Project life cycle information

Correct answer: Milestones schedule and key deliverables

The document that is being reviewed is the project charter. The milestones schedule and key deliverables are included in the project charter. This document is often issued by the project sponsor or initiator and authorizes project existence.

Cost-benefit analysis and business needs are not necessarily included in the project charter because it is typically conducted before project initiation and included in the business case.

Formal procurement closure requirements are not typically included in the project charter because it is a process that occurs at the end of a project after all procurement activities have been completed.

While it is important to consider the project life cycle when planning a project, this information is more relevant to the project management plan rather than the project charter.

117.

While monitoring your project, you have identified a new risk not previously known to the project. You need to determine the likelihood and potential impact of this risk, as well as an appropriate response. Which step will you undertake FIRST?

  • Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis

  • Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis

  • Plan Risk Response

  • Monitor Risks

Correct answer: Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis

Once a risk has been identified, it then needs to be prioritized. Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis is the process of prioritizing individual project risks for further analysis or action by assessing their probability of occurrence and impact as well as other characteristics.

"Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis" is incorrect. This process involves numerically analyzing the effect of identified risks on overall project objectives. It is typically performed after Qualitative Risk Analysis and is used to further analyze and prioritize risks.

"Plan Risk Response" is incorrect. This process involves developing options and actions to enhance opportunities and reduce threats to project objectives. It is typically performed after Qualitative Risk Analysis and is used to develop appropriate responses to identified risks.

"Monitor Risks" is incorrect. This process involves tracking identified risks, monitoring residual risks, identifying new risks, executing risk response plans, and evaluating their effectiveness throughout the project life cycle. It is an ongoing process that is performed throughout the project.

118.

The project manager is tasked with securing specialized IT security services for a data center project. These services require specific terms and conditions different from the main project contracts. Which contract type should they choose to cater to these specialized needs?

  •  Other agreements

  • Time and Materials (T&M) contract

  •  Fixed-price contract

  • Cost-reimbursable contract

Correct answer: Other agreements

"Other agreements" are ideal for securing specialized IT security services in a data center project. They allow for specific terms and conditions to be set, catering to the unique needs of these specialized services.

A Time and Materials (T&M) contract involves payment based on actual time and materials used, which may not accommodate the specific terms and conditions required for specialized IT security services. 

A fixed-price contract locks in costs and does not provide the necessary flexibility for unique service requirements. 

A cost-reimbursable contract allows for reimbursement of actual costs but may not address the specific needs and conditions of the specialized services as effectively as "Other agreements"​​​​.

119.

In the midst of a critical project milestone, the project manager notices a growing conflict between the project scheduling team and the client's representatives regarding deliverable deadlines. They arrange a detailed review meeting where both parties can align on the project schedule, constraints, and resource availability to formulate a realistic and achievable timeline. What technique is the project manager employing to resolve this conflict?

  • Confronting/Problem-solving

  • Withdrawing

  • Smoothing

  • Forcing

Correct answer: Confronting/Problem-solving

The arrangement of a review meeting to reconcile differences and align on a realistic project timeline demonstrates the confronting/problem-solving technique. This method allows for a comprehensive discussion of the issues and works towards a collaborative and mutually agreeable solution.

The 'Withdrawing' approach is incorrect because it avoids conflict, leaving the scheduling issues unresolved and potentially exacerbating delays. 

'Smoothing' is unsuitable as it downplays the conflict, focusing on agreement rather than addressing the core issue of deliverable deadlines. 

'Forcing' is also incorrect because it imposes a solution without fostering collaboration, which can lead to resentment and a lack of commitment to the agreed timeline.

120.

Samila is developing a project charter for a new project. She reviews the business case and notices that an important element has not been included in the feasibility study. What is Samila's BEST course of action?

  • Escalate the issue to the project sponsor with recommendations

  • Update the business case with the missing information

  • Ignore the problem

  • Update the issue log with the information

Correct Answer: Escalate the issue to the project sponsor with recommendations

The project charter includes the information for the project based on the business documents. The project manager does not have the authority to update the business documents since they are not a part of the project. The project manager will need to have the project sponsor take further action.

Ignoring the problem or updating the issue log will not address the root cause of the issue and could lead to further problems down the line.

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