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Quiz Session - Attempts With Random Questions

PMI PMP Exam Questions

Page 8 of 56

141.

An architecture firm has taken on a pro bono project to design an addition for a local nonprofit hospital. The addition will be a new wing of the building fully dedicated to pediatrics. The firm has experience with architecture for medical purposes, but this will be their first pediatric project. Which of the following BEST describes what the firm should do?

  • Consult experts

  • Review past medical projects' lessons learned registers

  • Consult patients

  • Rely on experience within the project team

Correct answer: Consult experts

Consulting experts is correct because there may be industry-specific concerns for the pediatric wing project that did not apply to their previous medical projects. Experts can provide information that can influence project planning and execution.

Reviewing past medical projects' lessons learned registers is incorrect because, although it is typically wise to review lessons learned registers, subject-matter experts would provide needed information about pediatric considerations in architecture that could not be learned from the firm's previous projects.

Consulting patients is incorrect because the patients are not experts who can provide industry-specific knowledge about pediatric medical architecture.

Relying on experience within the project team is incorrect because the question states that this is the first pediatric project for the firm. The experience in the team is unlikely to include the sort of knowledge required.

142.

Viktoriya is managing a hotel construction project and has just been informed of a new law that was passed. She needs to familiarize herself quickly with the new law and how the project will be affected. What is the BEST tool or technique Viktoriya should use?

  • Expert judgment

  • Decomposition

  • Lessons learned

  • Risks analysis

Correct answer: Expert judgment

Expert judgment involves seeking advice and guidance from individuals or groups with specialized knowledge or experience in a particular area. In this case, Viktoriya could consult with legal experts or professionals who are knowledgeable about the new law to gain a better understanding of how it will impact the hotel construction project.

Decomposition is a technique used to break down the project scope into smaller, more manageable components. It does not directly address the need to understand the impact of the new law on the project.

Lessons learned involve reviewing past projects to identify what worked well and what did not. While this technique may be useful in identifying potential risks or issues related to the new law, it does not directly address the need to quickly familiarize oneself with the new law and its impact on the project.

Risk analysis involves identifying potential risks to the project and developing strategies to mitigate or avoid those risks. While the new law may present potential risks to the project, risk analysis does not directly address the need to understand the impact of the new law on the project.

 

143.

You are identifying and categorizing stakeholders for a project and need to classify each stakeholder's importance. This information will allow you to build a better communications plan. What is your BEST course of action?

  • Utilizing a salience model to describe stakeholder's importance

  • Agreement reviews

  • Set up a meeting with all stakeholders

  • Speak with the project sponsor

Correct answer: Utilizing a salience model to describe stakeholder's importance

The salience model is used to determine stakeholders based on an assessment of power, urgency, and legitimacy. This is beneficial in determining the importance of stakeholders and what they bring to the project. 

"Agreement reviews" is incorrect. The agreements with the stakeholders lack enough information to classify them.

"Set up a meeting with all stakeholders" is incorrect. Not all stakeholders would have the availability or interest to jump on a call.

"Speak with the project sponsor" is not correct. The project sponsor is not likely to have all the information on the stakeholders' needs and urgency.

144.

Donald is managing a project that has been operating smoothly for the last eight months. The project team is growing weary and is asking him to calm down on his authoritative style. What is Donald's BEST course of action?

  • Allow the team to facilitate more and make their own decisions.

  • Ignore the request; he has a job to do.

  • Adopt an Agile approach.

  • Capture the information in the issue log and proceed as normal.

Correct answer: Allow the team to facilitate more and make their own decisions.

The team is asking for a new approach to leading the project. If the decision to allow the team to facilitate more and make their own decision hurts the project, the project manager can always divert back. Managing a project team requires various types of leadership and management skills to fulfill the project requirements.

"Ignore the request; he has a job to do" is not correct. Being a servant leader involves addressing the team's requests and needs.

"Adopt an Agile approach" is not correct. Emotional intelligence to be aware of the feelings of others is not unique to Agile methodologies.

"Capture the information in the issue log and proceed as normal" is not correct. The end goal of an issue log is for the project manager and the team to reflect on issues and create guidelines to avoid similar threats in the future.

145.

You are a project manager walking through a building with an electrician contracted to update the building's wiring, part of your overall project of converting the building into studio apartments. The electrician is pointing out completed work and giving completion timelines on work still underway. During what process would you produce a list of all the high-level tasks to be completed?

  • Create WBS

  • Define Scope

  • Define Activities

  • Plan Schedule Management

Correct answer: Create WBS (Work Breakdown Structure)

The WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) is a hierarchical decomposition of the project into smaller, more manageable components. It is during this process that the project manager and team identify all the deliverables and work required to complete the project. The WBS is a key input to other project management processes, including defining activities, estimating resources and durations, and developing the project schedule.

Defining activities involves identifying and documenting the specific actions to be performed to produce the project deliverables. This process comes after the WBS has been created and the project scope has been defined. These activities lay at the lowest level of the WBS.

Defining the project scope involves developing a detailed project scope statement as the basis for future project decisions. While this process is important for project planning, it does not involve producing a list of all the high-level tasks to be completed.

Planning schedule management involves determining the policies, procedures, and documentation that will be used for planning, executing, and controlling the project schedule. While this process is important for project planning, it does not involve producing a list of all the high-level tasks to be completed.

 

146.

Jaime, a project manager, rarely employs a rewards system with his team and does not encourage collaboration. The project team members follow his direction faithfully because they know he has not hesitated to include negative feedback in their performance appraisals in the past. Which of the following best describes the form of power Jaime uses with his team members?

  • Coercive

  • Situational

  • Ingratiating

  • Persuasive

Correct answer: Coercive

Coercive (sometimes called punitive) describes his type of power because the team fears his negative feedback and the impact it could have on their appraisals.

Situational applies to a particular power that has arisen from a unique situation.

Ingratiating refers to the application of flattery or common ground.

Persuasive describes the ability to influence people through convincing arguments.

147.

James is leading a team and does not want to use old or dated trends. Which of the following is NOT an emerging trend and practice in project communication management?

  • Engaging with stakeholders who are most affected

  • Taking a multifaceted approach to project communication

  • Inclusion of stakeholders in projects and review meetings

  • Increased use of social computing and social media

Correct answer: Engaging with stakeholders who are most affected

Project managers spend most of their time communicating with team members and project stakeholders. As the practice of project management evolves, so do the strategies for effective project communications. The inclusion of stakeholders in project meetings and reviews such as daily standups where appropriate will increase awareness of project progress, risks, and issues. Taking a multifaceted approach to communications, such as considering cultural issues, language, and generation gaps, will be vital. The use of social computing and social media has also supported the increase in effective information exchange.

Although engaging with stakeholders who are most affected is very important to the success of the project, in project stakeholder management this aspect is considered as opposed to project communication management.

148.

You are the project manager who needs to secure a vendor regarding building materials on a ship. There are only three vendors that are assessed to have the requirements necessary as stated in the procurement plan. Only one vendor has responded to a Request For Proposal (RFP), and you will need to evaluate the document.

What is the information that is used as a benchmark to cross-reference the vendor proposal?

  • Independent cost estimates

  • Procurement management plan

  • Proxy estimates

  • Stakeholders engagement plan

Correct answer: Independent cost estimates

Independent cost estimates are estimates of the costs of the resources needed to complete a project; they are developed by individuals or groups outside the project team. These estimates can be used to validate the cost estimates provided by the vendor in their proposal and to ensure that the proposed costs are reasonable and realistic.

The procurement management plan outlines the procurement processes and procedures to be followed for the project. While this plan may include information on how vendors will be evaluated and selected, it does not provide a benchmark for cross-referencing the vendor proposal.

Proxy estimates are estimates of the cost or duration of a project based on historical data from similar projects.

The stakeholders engagement plan outlines how stakeholders will be identified, engaged, and managed throughout the project.

149.

Company X has a project with a benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 1.5. What does that mean?

  • The benefit is 1.5 times the cost.

  • The cost is 1.5 times the benefit.

  • Company X will receive a return of 1.5%.

  • The benefits are equal to the costs.

Correct answer: The benefit is 1.5 times the cost.

A benefit-cost ratio (BCR) attempts to identify the relationship between the cost and benefits of a proposed project. The BCR is calculated by dividing the total discounted value of the benefits by the total discounted value of the costs. To calculate the discounted values of each, use the net present value (NPV) formula, in which the values are divided by the sum of 1 and the discount rate raised to the number of periods.

If Company X has a project with a BCR of 0.6, it means the costs are greater than the benefits.

  • BCR > 1 the benefits are greater than the costs
  • BCR = 1 the costs and benefits are equal
  • BCR < 1 the costs are greater than the benefits

Therefore, if Company X has a project with a BCR of 1.5, it means that the benefits of the project are 1.5 times the cost of the project.

150.

A project manager is leading a large infrastructure project. To ensure effective financial oversight and management throughout the project, which planning document should they develop?

  • Cost management plan

  • Financial analysis report

  • Cost-reimbursable contract

  • Budget forecast

Correct answer: Cost management plan

A cost management plan is essential for large projects like infrastructure development. It outlines the processes and procedures for planning, structuring, and controlling project costs, ensuring effective financial oversight throughout the project lifecycle.

A financial analysis report provides insights into financial health but does not outline processes for managing costs throughout the project. 

A cost-reimbursable contract is a type of contract, not a planning document, and does not ensure comprehensive financial oversight. 

A budget forecast estimates future costs but lacks the detailed processes and procedures for controlling and managing project costs provided by a cost management plan​​​​.

151.

Kyng is in the process of monitoring the project's progress. Throughout the lifecycle of the project they have experienced the same type of issues. They want to ensure that these issues do not occur for the remainder of the project or any future work.

Which of the following will MOST LIKELY promote continuous improvement?

  • Conducting retrospectives throughout the project

  • Updating the scope baseline

  • Filing a complaint with the sponsor

  • Being more strict with the project team

Correct answer: Conducting retrospectives throughout the project

Retrospectives are known to be an important part of an Agile project. A retrospective is a distinct type of meeting run by the project team at the end of the iteration. A discussion that will review what went well as well as any type of improvements will occur during a retrospective.

The scope baseline does not include recommendations or lessons learned.

Sponsors should be aware of issues, but the project manager is the one who addresses them and ensures a contingency plan is set in place for future similar situations.

There is no reference that these issues were caused by the project team.

152.

You are managing a mid-sized hardware design project and are planning the schedule. You are in the midst of establishing logical relationships between the project activities. There are two activities that have multiple logical relationships. Which of the following is TRUE about this scenario?

  • The relationship with the greatest impact must be selected.

  • The relationship with the least impact must be selected.

  • It is recommended that the two activities have two logical relationships at the same time.

  • Two activities cannot have two logical relationships at the same time.

Correct answer: The relationship with the greatest impact must be selected.

Two activities can have multiple logical relationships, including two relationships that occur at the same time. However, multiple relationships between the same activities are not recommended, so a decision has to be made to select the relationship with the highest impact.

153.

Aldo is managing an Agile project and is informed that the budget will be drastically reduced. This situation will cause the project backlog to be incomplete. What is Aldo's NEXT course of action? 

  • Prioritize the product backlog with the product owner and team

  • Reduce the resources of the project

  • Reduce the scope of the project

  • Finish the project regardless of the cost reduction estimates

Correct answer: Prioritize the product backlog with the product owner and team

The reduction in the budget will prevent the project team from effectively executing the whole backlog and delivering the whole project scope. In this situation, the first best action would be to coordinate a meeting and collaborate with the product owner and project team to prioritize the backlog items.

"Reduce the resources of the project" is not correct. Without proper backlog prioritization, Aldo will not know if cutting off resources will be the best approach.

"Reduce the scope of the project" is not correct. Scope constraints are a consequence of backlog prioritization.

"Finish the project regardless of the cost reduction estimates" is not correct. The boundaries of the triple constraint are interconnected. If the budget is affected, so will be the scope, the timeline, or both.

154.

Daniella is in the initiating phase of her newly assigned project. A key stakeholder asks for the reason and benefit of developing a project charter for the project. What would be the BEST response for Daniella to provide the stakeholder?

  • To integrate the project with the strategic objectives

  • To provide the authority for project management

  • To define the basis of the work being outlined

  • To create a contract

Correct answer: To integrate the project with the strategic objectives

The project charter will directly link the strategic objectives and the project. The key benefit of this process is that it creates a formal record of the project, which provides an organizational commitment.

An approved project charter provides authority to the project manager, but that is not the main goal of its creation.

The basis of the work being outlined is defined by developing the project management plan.

Contracting processes are not part of the project charter.

155.

Dan is currently trying to select a method that uses a weighted ranking system for quantifying qualitative data to minimize the effect of personal bias during the process of selecting a seller. Which method should he choose?

  • Source Selection Criteria

  • Vendor Analysis

  • Independent Estimates

  • Vendor Audits

Correct answer: Source Selection Criteria

A weighted system is part of the source selection criteria. Source selection criteria are a set of attributes a buyer expects a seller to meet or exceed to be chosen for a contract.

Vendor analysis is a technique used to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of potential vendors.

Independent estimates are used to validate cost and schedule estimates.

Vendor audits are used to evaluate a vendor's performance during the project.

156.

In the past, some projects were successful and had engaged stakeholders; however, more than a few failed. The senior management team is known to rarely attend meetings and to be slow to respond. What is the BEST organizational process asset to help inform the stakeholder engagement plan for an upcoming project?

  • Lessons learned repository

  • Software tools

  • Organizational communication requirements

  • Corporate risk policy

Correct answer: Lessons learned repository

The lessons learned repository collects and documents information about past projects, including stakeholder information like preferences, actions, influence, and involvement. Noticing patterns in stakeholder engagement from the past can help inform stakeholder engagement plans going forward.

Software tools can be used to deepen stakeholder engagement, but they would likely not provide historical information that could help avoid low engagement in the future.

Organizational communication requirements are important to the healthy functioning of a team's communication but do not account for past stakeholder engagement.

Corporate risk policy is also an important asset, but it does not provide past information about particular projects and their stakeholders' levels of engagement.

157.

You are an Agile project manager and want to ensure that the vision of the product will be remembered throughout the life cycle of the project. You realize how important this will be for each of the iterations that is outlined. What is your BEST course of action for this to occur?

  • Present the product vision at each iteration

  • Post the product vision on the company dashboard

  • Email the project vision to each team member

  • Assign a team member to relay the information multiple times a week

Correct answer: Present the product vision at each iteration

The team will meet at each iteration and milestone, which is a good time for the project manager to communicate the product vision again. At the beginning of the meeting, the product vision will need to be revisited for the team to align with the purpose of the project.

Posting the product vision on the company dashboard or emailing it to each team member will not be as effective as presenting it at each iteration, as it will not be as visible or memorable.

Assigning a team member to relay the information multiple times a week will not be as effective, as it will not reach everyone on the team and will not be as consistent.

158.

You are managing a project to create technical documentation for an online skills platform. A copywriting vendor is needed for the content creation portion of the project. During the bidding process, one of the copywriting vendors inquires about intellectual property ownership once the documentation is written. Which project document contains such information?

  • Requirements documentation

  • Seller bids

  • Procurement contract

  • Compliance forms

Correct answer: Requirements documentation

Requirements documentation may include technical and nontechnical requirements that detail the seller's obligations. Technical requirements for this project might include the file format for the final delivery of content, the maximum number of pages, etc. Nontechnical requirements include any requirements with legal and contractual implications, like intellectual property ownership.

"Seller bids" is incorrect because it refers to the bids submitted by sellers/vendors for the work described.

"Procurement contract" is incorrect because no procurement contract exists yet when a project is in the bidding process.

"Compliance forms" is also incorrect, although there may be templates or forms related to intellectual property used later in the project.

159.

You are the project manager for a data center upgrade that is coming close to completion. During a quality control inspection, it is brought to your attention that there is an issue with the cables. You advise the team to replace the cables as a solution. Before project closure and requesting the client to sign off, your job as the project manager is to ensure that the cables comply with quality standards and requirements. What is your NEXT course of action?

  • Perform product testing

  • Perform benchmarking

  • Perform a root cause analysis

  • Conduct lessons learned

Correct answer: Perform product testing

Testing is one of the project life-cycle phases. It happens before deploying and closing the project and is part of the Quality Assessment under the Delivery Performance Domain. The main purpose of testing is to get objective information about the quality of the product, find defects, and evaluate its compliance with standards.

"Perform benchmarking" is incorrect. Benchmarking is the process of comparing products, processes, and practices to those of comparable organizations.

"Perform a root cause analysis" is incorrect. The main focus in this scenario is to meet the quality standards, not the issue's root cause.

"Conduct lessons learned" is incorrect. After the compliance is obtained, you can record the lessons learned.

160.

In a multinational project, a project manager utilizes a performance measurement system to monitor progress across different departments and regions. This system, which includes a range of metrics and KPIs, is a part of the:

  • Measurement performance domain

  • Global reporting framework

  • International project assessment

  • Cross-cultural management strategy

Correct answer: Measurement performance domain

The 'measurement performance domain' involves a performance measurement system that includes various metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs). In a multinational project, this system is essential for monitoring progress and performance across different departments and regions, providing a comprehensive view of the project's health and areas for improvement.

The 'global reporting framework' is incorrect because it emphasizes standardizing reporting practices, not ongoing project performance monitoring.

'International project assessment' refers to evaluating project outcomes rather than tracking progress during execution. 

'Cross-cultural management strategy' addresses managing cultural differences, not continuous performance measurement through metrics and KPIs.

The correct answer, 'measurement performance domain,' involves the use of a performance measurement system to monitor progress and performance across different departments and regions, which is crucial for a multinational project.

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