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Quiz Session - Attempts With Random Questions

ASQ CSSGB Exam Questions

Page 1 of 50

1.

The purpose of a multi-vari study is to find what?

  • Areas with maximum variation

  • Areas with highest number of defects

  • Areas with strongest root causes

  • Areas with lowest yield

Correct answer: Areas with maximum variation

Multi-vari studies help us understand variations both analytically and graphically. Multi-vari studies are the perfect tool for investigating the stability or consistency of a process because they help to determine where the variability is coming from within a process.

2.

Tools such as SIPOC, process maps, and brainstorming help define which element of the project?

  • Scope

  • Metrics

  • Planning

  • Charter

Correct answer: Scope

Documenting the scope or boundaries of a project ensures everyone understands what will and will not be worked on. Scope is usually defined by the problem statement, and tools such as the SIPOC, Pareto charts, and brainstorming assist with that definition.

Metrics should be tied to the project goals and benefits for the company and should be within the already-defined scope of the project. Planning is an approach to supervising how and when a project will be completed. A project charter is used to document the purpose of the project. It’s an informal contract with the company to help the team stay on track toward the project goals.

3.

You are running a Z-test to check whether the mean of shipments is meeting its target. After gathering the data and running the test, you find the p-value is 0.152. With α = 0.05, what does this mean for your result?

  • Fail to reject the null hypothesis

  • Reject the null hypothesis

  • Fail to accept the alternative hypothesis

  • Reject the alternative hypothesis

Correct answer: Fail to reject the null hypothesis

With an alpha value of 0.05 and a test p-value of 0.152, you fail to reject the null hypothesis and declare that the mean of shipments is meeting its target.

The p-value is greater than 0.05, which means you cannot reject the null hypothesis. "Fail to accept the alternative hypothesis" and "Reject the alternative hypothesis" are incorrect statements for hypothesis testing.  

4.

When planning experiments, which method is used where block designs are constructed to reduce noise or variance in the data?

  • Randomized block

  • Latin square design

  • Completely randomized

  • Total block

Correct answer: Randomized block

Randomized block is a method used in the design of experiments similar to stratified random sampling where block designs are constructed to reduce noise or variance in the data. A randomized block is used to investigate a single factor when material or environment can be blocked. One-factor experiments consist of completely randomized, randomized block, and Latin Square designs.

Latin square design is an experimental design that uses blocking to deal with nuisance factors that may affect the results of the experiment. Completely randomized and total block are incorrect because they are not forms of experiment design.

5.

When testing a hypothesis for means of a two-tail test, you would use a Z-table to find the value that has an area of which of the following?

  • α/2 to its right

  • α/2 to its left

  • α to its right

  • α to its left

Correct answer: α/2 to its right

When testing a hypothesis for means of a two-tail test, you would use a Z-table to find the value that has an area of α/2 to its right. The value derived and its negative are the two critical values, as the reject region is the area to the right of the positive value and the area to the left of the negative value.

The other choices are incorrect as α to its right is used for a right-tailed test and a left-tailed test and the other two choices are not used.

6.

A green belt is conducting measurements at different ranges using an existing measurement system and comparing these measurements with data obtained from tools known to be accurate across all ranges. What type of error are they looking for?

  • Linearity

  • Bias

  • Repeatability

  • Calibration

Correct answer: Linearity

Looking for errors in linearity involves conducting measurements at different ranges and comparing them with data across all ranges with tools known to be accurate.

Bias is the difference between the absolute value and the true, correct value with respect to a standard at different points of the range you are measuring. Repeatability is the variation in equipment measurements expressed as a standard deviation and observed when one operator takes measurements from the same equipment within a short time frame. Calibration is the comparison of a measurement system that isn’t verified for accuracy to one that is verified as accurate to detect variation from a performance specification.

7.

In which phase of 5S would you move rarely used items out of the way of the work area?

  • Set in Order

  • Sort

  • Standardize

  • Sustain

Correct answer: Set in Order

During the Set in Order phase of 5S, both the regularly and the rarely used items are organized for ease of accessibility.

In the Sort phase, items are organized into those that are needed or unneeded. During the Standardize phase, checklists, standards, and work instructions are developed to maintain a clean and organized work area. Sustain is focused on maintaining the organization over the long term.

8.

The number of distinct sequences of n distinct objects taken r at a time is known as which of the following?

  • Combinations

  • Permutations

  • Variations

  • Specifications

Correct answer: Combinations

The number of distinct sequences of n distinct objects taken r at a time are known as combinations. Combinations are denoted by nCp and are used when orders are not significant.

Permutations are an ordered arrangement of n distinct objects. Variations are changes in data, characteristics, or functions caused by special causes, common causes, tampering, or structural variation. Specifications are the documents that state the requirements a product or service must meet.

9.

When determining process capability, the specification limits should reflect what?

  • The voice of the customer

  • Process control

  • The process scope

  • Process capability

Correct answer: The voice of the customer

When determining process capability, the specification limits should reflect the voice of the customer. Process capability determines if a process is capable of meeting a given target. Process capability compares the voice of customer and the voice of the process.

Process control is not included in the specification limits. The process scope is incorrect because process capability does not include process scope. Process capability is incorrect because the specification limits reflect the voice of the customer, not the process capability.

10.

Control charts are used to show the upper and lower control limits of a statistical measure. Control charts are often used for variable data and different charts are used depending on what type of data is available. When would XmR charts be used?

  • When data is limited with an individual moving range

  • When data are readily available

  • When there is single-point data

  • When data is limited with a moving average or moving range

Correct answer: When data is limited with an individual moving range

An XmR chart would be used when data is limited with an individual moving range.

An X-bar and R chart would be used when data are readily available. A run chart would be used when there is single-point data. A MX-bar – MR chart would be used when data is limited with a moving average or moving range.

11.

The desired sample size needed for hypothesis testing is contingent on several factors. Which of the following is not one of those factors?

  • Whether the data is normal or non-normal

  • The desired type I and type II risk

  • The minimum value to be noted between the population means

  • The variation in the attribute being measured

Correct answer: Whether the data is normal or non-normal

The desired sample size needed for hypothesis testing is contingent on the desired type I (alpha) and type II (beta) risk, the minimum value to be noted between the population means, and the variation in the attribute being measured. It has nothing to do with the data being normal or non-normal.

12.

At what point in a control chart is a one-in-20 violation more than one point in 20?

  • In the outer 33% of the control chart

  • In the outer 50% of the control chart

  • Within 25% of the centerline

  • Within 33% of the centerline

Correct answer: In the outer 33% of the control chart

A one-in-20 violation in control charts is more than one point in 20 in the outer 33% of the control chart. In all other parts of the chart, the violation is one point in 20.

13.

Which term describes a case when a team analyzes a process and decides to modify a single factor instead of creating a designed approach for all factors?

  • One Factor At-a Time

  • Best estimate

  • One Element At a Time

  • Trial and error

Correct answer: One Factor At a Time

One Factor At a Time (OFAT) changes only one input setting for each trial run, and then a measurement is taken; the measurements are compared to make decisions about the various factors.  

Best estimate and One Element At a Time are not experimental approaches recommended in Six Sigma. Trial and error may or may not involve changing only one factor and is usually considered too unstructured for use in Six Sigma.

14.

When performing risk analysis throughout a project, a green belt can use several dedicated tools. Which of the items below is not one of those tools?

  • Project scope

  • SWOT analysis

  • FMEA

  • Formula for expected profit

Correct answer: Project scope

Project scope is not used for risk analysis because it sets boundaries for the project, such as budget, time, and other resource limitations.

A SWOT is a risk analysis tool that seeks to identify the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats for a project or opportunity. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a risk analysis tool used to identify and evaluate risks. Formula for expected profit is also a risk analysis tool used to determine whether the expected profit will be achieved by a project or a product.  

15.

A Type II inspection in quality determines whether a characteristic exists and refers to which kind of attributes?

  • Discrete

  • Continuous

  • Stable

  • Measurable

Correct answer: Discrete

There are generally two types of inspections in quality, and a Type II inspection determines whether a characteristic exists for discrete data—such as whether it's acceptable or defective or whether it's on time or late.

A Type II inspection does not examine continuous data. Stable and measurable are not data types.

16.

When the price of chocolate decreases, consumer satisfaction increases with less expensive baking cocoa and chocolate confectioneries. Satisfaction and Service Fully Functional ratings in Kano model are likely to be high. This is an example of what factor?

  • One-Dimensional

  • Must Be

  • Delighter

  • Two-Dimensional

Correct answer: One-Dimensional

In the Kano model, when there is high Satisfaction and high Service Fully Functional, it means the factor rates are high in the One-Dimensional quadrant.

The Must-Be quadrant is rated by measuring the Service Fully Functional and Dissatisfier factors; these are items that are expected to be present but cannot increase satisfaction.

Delighter describes items in the Service Dysfunctional and Satisfaction quadrant that delight the customer when they are present.

Two-dimensional items do not exist in the Kano model.

17.

Using untrained appraisers or unrelated employees for appraisals would result in which of the following?

  • Inflated reproducibility errors

  • Increased confusion

  • Non-representative samples

  • Measurement bias

Correct answer: Inflated reproducibility errors

Using untrained appraisers or unrelated employees for appraisals would result in inflated reproducibility errors. Employees unfamiliar with the process would cause reproducibility errors when performing a gage repeatability and reproducibility (GR&R) study.

Increased confusion is incorrect in terms of reproducibility errors. Non-representative samples is incorrect as a result of untrained appraisers. Measurement bias is incorrect as it relates to appraisals.

18.

Which of the following is the quickest way for you to diagnose the extent to which a visual work environment is both absent and needed?

  • Calculating the level of information deficits (missing answers)

  • Totaling the number of visual cues in the workstation

  • Measuring the degradation in eyesight of workers at the station

  • Calculating the level of defects (escaping or contained)

Correct answer: Calculating the level of information deficits (missing answers)

Workplace information can change quickly and often—production schedules, customer requirements, engineering specifications, operational methods, tooling and fixtures, material procurement, work-in-process, and the thousand other details on which the daily life of the enterprise depends. In any single day, literally thousands of informational transactions are required to keep work current, accurate, and timely. Calculating the level of information deficits (missing answers) is the quickest way for you to diagnose the extent to which a visual work environment is both absent and needed.

"Totaling the number of visual cues in the workstation", "Measuring the degradation in eyesight of workers at the station" and "Calculating the level of defects (escaping or contained)" are wrong because they are not the quickest ways for you to diagnose the extent to which a visual work environment is both absent and needed.

19.

Which of the following describes a difference between a Kaikaku and a Kaizen?

  • A Kaikaku emphasizes revolutionary changes instead of incremental changes

  • A Kaikaku emphasizes incremental changes instead of revolutionary changes

  • A Kaikaku is used to create entirely new processes and products

  • A Kaikaku is used to create complimentary new processes and products

Correct answer: A Kaikaku emphasizes revolutionary changes instead of incremental changes

Kaikaku, translated as “innovation,” complements kaizen by emphasizing major redesigns of product, part manufacturing, and facility layout or business processes. Kaizen can be described as evolutionary. Due to the major rethinking related to kaikaku changes, kaikaku can be described as revolutionary.

"A Kaikaku emphasizes incremental changes instead of revolutionary changes", "A Kaikaku is used to create entirely new processes and products" and "A Kaikaku is used to create complimentary new processes and products" are wrong because they are not descriptive of the difference between a Kaikaku and a Kaizen.

20.

At what point in a Six Sigma project would a traceability matrix likely be utilized?

  • Control

  • Improve

  • Analyze

  • Measure

Correct answer: Control

A traceability matrix is used to prove that tests and/or checks have been run. It documents test cases, test runs, and test results. While it is most commonly used in software development, the concept can be successfully applied to many types of improvement projects. It is especially effective in the Control phase, where verification that procedures are being run is of paramount importance. Early Six Sigma project steps, including Improve, Analyze, and Measure, are not purposed to need such verification.

 

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