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Quiz Session - Attempts With Random Questions

ASQ CSSBB Exam Questions

Page 5 of 33

81.

Janey has gathered data that she has organized into logical classifications. She wants to ensure that these classifications are independent of one another. What statistical test should she select for this task?

  • Contingency tables

  • Goodness-of-Fit Test

  • ANOVA

  • MANOVA

Correct answer: Contingency tables

Contingency tables will provide Janey with the ability to determine whether items put into two or more categories act independently of one another.  

Goodness-of-Fit test assesses distributions. ANOVA and MANOVA are parametric tests for testing the equality of means and variances.

82.

Andy, a mechanical engineer, is designing a paper printer and has determined that paper-to-paper friction is the most common source of noise. Further work to determine the new device's most reliable state of operation shows a nonlinear response curve based on the concentration of starch in the paper. At what part of the response curve should Andy select the optimum operating conditions?

  • When m = 0

  • When m = 1

  • When m = 0.5

  • When m = -1

Correct answer: When m = 0

The value m represents the degree of slope in the nonlinear curve. From basic algebra, we know that when m=0, the slope is a flat line. This point will have the minimum amount of noise.

83.

Jack, a quality control technician, had become concerned about measurement variation on a production line one year after a six-sigma project dramatically improved product quality. What analysis should Jack run to determine if measurement instrument recalibration or changeout is required?

  • GR&R analysis

  • FPY analysis

  • DFQ analysis

  • PFMEA analysis

Correct answer: GR&R analysis

The Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility (GR&R) analysis is the analysis for properly evaluating the performance of a measurement system. This test measures both repeatability and reproducibility of measurement instruments. First Pass Yield (FPY) analysis, Design For Quality (DFQ) analysis, and Production Failure Mode Effects (Analysis PFMEA) do not evaluate measurement system performance.

84.

What name is given to an independent variable or assignable cause that may affect the responses?

  • Factor

  • Noise factor

  • Level

  • Design space

Correct answer: Factor

Factors are independent variables or assignable causes that may affect the responses. A noise factor is an independent variable that is difficult or too expensive to control as part of standard experimental conditions. A level is the setting or assignment of a factor at a specific value. A design space is the multidimensional region of possible treatment combinations formed by the selected factors and their levels.

85.

Which example is not a customer loyalty metric?

  • On time, in full percentage

  • Net promoter score

  • Customer referral rate

  • Customer abandonment rate

Correct answer: On time, in full percentage

This is an extremely valuable metric, but is an operational measurement that is a causal or diagnostic metric for customer loyalty metrics.

Net promoter score, customer referral rate, and customer abandonment rate all directly measure customer satisfaction and loyalty.

86.

A manager is concerned after sitting through a project review, that the team has missed some important considerations and describes them in detail.  What should the Master Black Belt and Team Leader do in this circumstance?

  • Revisit project assumptions using an Ishikawa diagram. 

  • Bring in a facilitator to evaluate the team.

  • Invite the manager to the next team meeting.

  • Use PERT and Gantt charts to keep the team focused.

Correct answer:  Revisit project assumptions using an Ishikawa diagram.

This approach forces a broadening of perspectives to ensure that the team has considered all important factors that influence the project problem (Project Y) and gives the best chance of identifying factors that to-date had not been fully evaluated.  

Bringing in a facilitator would only be effective if the team proved to have internal conflict, which wasn't indicated in the question. Inviting the dissenting manager to the next team meeting would be counter-productive, as the manager has already voiced his opinions and has the expectation that the team will independently follow up without the need for his attendance. Using PERT and Gantt charts is only applicable for situations needing clarity on overall goals, objectives, and specific timing of already agreed upon tasks.

87.

Dr. Bach is monitoring one of her patients for high cholesterol. She has collected 12 blood sample measurements for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and needs to chart this data. What type of chart should she build?

  • XmR Chart

  • X̄ and R Chart

  • X̄ and s Chart

  • Pareto chart

Correct answer: XmR Chart

The individual and moving range (XmR, ImR) Chart is used when the sample size is 1, which is true in this case for Dr. Bach. The X̄ and s Chart is recommended for a sample size of each group ≥ 10. The X̄ and R chart is used for a sample size of each group < 10. Pareto charts organize data from highest to lowest response in order to detect the most significant responses.

88.

What is the key difference between One-Way and Two-Way ANOVA?

  • The number of factors to be tested

  • One-Way uses the F-test; whereas Two-Way uses the T-test

  • The variances don't have to be equal in Two-Way

  • One-Way is a one-sided test, whereas Two-Way is a two-sided test.

Correct answer: The number of factors to be tested

This is the only key difference between these two parametric tests. One-Way assesses only one factor, whereas Two-Way assesses two factors. 

They both use the F-test. All ANOVA tests assume that the data has equal variance. One-sided versus two-sided assessments are not provided by these tests.

89.

Choose the correct sequence of project team evolution.

  • Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, Adjourning, Recognition

  • Forming, Norming, Performing, Storming, Adjourning, Recognition

  • Forming, Storming, Norming, Adjourning, Recognition, Performing

  • Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, Recognition, Adjourning

Correct answer: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, Adjourning, Recognition

  • Forming — members struggle to understand team goals and how they relate to them.
  • Storming — members begin to express their opinions and ideas.
  • Norming — members begin to understand the need to operate as a team.
  • Performing — members work together collaboratively to reach a common goal.
  • Adjourning — members hold a final project closeout meeting, completing any unfinished work.
  • Recognition — the team's contribution is acknowledged, if not rewarded.

90.

Which project performance measurements must be included in the project plan?

  • Cost and schedule

  • Cost and revenue

  • Schedule and customer satisfaction

  • Cost and delivery

Correct answer: Cost and schedule

A project must include these as they form the basis of the two fundamental project management indices, cost performance index (CPI) and schedule performance index (SPI).

Revenue, customer satisfaction, and delivery may be needed on a project-specific basis, but they are not required in all projects.

91.

Jeremy has been tasked to lead an effort to help his company understand how to increase its market share in the radio-controlled airplanes market. What is a likely tool from the choices below to help Jeremy in his strategic planning?

  • SWOT analysis

  • Force field analysis 

  • Risk analysis

  • KPI flow down

Correct answer: SWOT Analysis

The analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) can be used to show how a company can leverage its strengths or improve weaknesses to take advantage of opportunities, while mitigating or eliminating threats. A force-field analysis is an internally-focused tool intended to help an organization understand how to reach an objective through the mapping of driving and restraining forces in an organization. A risk analysis identifies threats to achieving a company objective. This analysis might be a good followup to a SWOT analysis. A KPI (Key Performance Indicator) flow down helps a company understand specific actions and measurements so they can achieve a specified strategic objective. This tool would be a logical choice once Jeremy's company has implemented a strategy in the RC airplane market.

92.

What should a Team Leader's first action be to correct a non-team player?

  • Have a private conversation with the person

  • Discuss the person's performance with their supervisor

  • Seek the advice of a Master Black Belt

  • Find a replacement immediately 

Correct answer: Have a private conversation with the person

The Team Leader uses this opportunity to notify the person that their time on the team is limited, should they fail to contribute in a meaningful way, or correct their behavior.

Discussing performance with their supervisor negates the chance of this person making quick amends. A Master Black Belt will usually direct the Leader to have a private conversation. Finding a replacement is usually the last step taken should the person not remediate their behavior or improve their contribution.

93.

A customer specifies an electric leaf blower needs to have a maximum of 5 HP to optimize power consumption. What is this an example of?

  • Critical-to-cost (CTC) requirement

  • Critical-to-quality (CTQ) requirement

  • Critical-to-safety (CTS) requirement

  • Critical-to-delivery (CTD) requirement

Correct answer: Critical-to-cost (CTC) requirement

These requirements include power consumption and, therefore, the cost of using the product.

CTQ requirements encompass the physical parameters of the product. CTS requirements consider only safety needs and requirements. CTD requirements deal with customer service issues such as on-time, in-full delivery of orders.

94.

In the development of a new supersonic commercial aircraft, Jennifer used 3D printing to generate a 1/10th scale aircraft to be used for wind tunnel testing. What type of evaluation is Jennifer's test?

  • Model

  • Deterministic simulation

  • Probabilistic simulation

  • Pilot runs

Correct answer: Model

A model is normally a smaller physical representation to provide a real-world, three-dimensional testing format, such as the 1/10th scale prototype that Jennifer has built.

Deterministic simulations are usually done with software to confirm a general design. Probabilistic simulations provide insight into the statistical variation of the process being tested. Pilot runs usually consist of short runs on current production equipment to confirm the final design parameters.  

95.

What part of the project charter identifies the financial value of the proposed improvement?

  • The business case

  • The problem statement 

  • The project scope 

  • The goal statement

Correct answer: The business case

The business case identifies the dollars to be saved and establishes how the project aligns to the organization's strategies. The problem statement identifies what is not working and why this is important to the organization. The project scope specifies the boundaries of the project. The goal statement identifies the project's objectives and targets and how the success of the project will be measured. 

96.

A customer is discussing a new order with a clothing products manufacturer and wants women's ski parkas with Nordic styles to fit its company image. What is this type of specification in the Kano model classification scheme? 

  • One-dimensional requirement

  • Attractive requirement

  • Must-be requirement

  • Reverse requirement

Correct answer: One-dimensional requirement

This customer has spotlighted and specifically articulated a style to the manufacturer that conforms to their marketing theme, which constitutes a one-dimensional requirement.

Attractive and must-be requirements are generally unspoken by the customer and represent delighters and basic requirements, respectfully. Reverse requirements represent features that are not wanted by the customer.

97.

Michael has drafted a project scope that his Master Black Belt thinks is way too narrow.  What are the two most effective tools to help Michael broaden his scope to a more reasonable size?

  • Michael should use cause-and-effect diagrams and process maps.

  • Michael should use cause-and-effect diagrams and affinity diagrams.

  • Michael should use affinity diagrams and Pareto charts.

  • Michael should use Pareto charts and process maps.

Correct answer: Michael should use cause-and-effect diagrams and process maps.

Cause and effect diagrams help broaden thinking regarding critical factors affecting output. One of the most important aspects of a Six Sigma project is to identify or approximate the relationship between factors and the result through the function f(x) = y.

Process maps illuminate project boundaries and relationships that also help broaden thinking. 

Pareto charts help in prioritizing processes and generally reduce project scopes. Affinity diagrams help show interdependencies between projects and neither broaden nor reduce a project's scope.

98.

A manufacturing Vice President has informed his team that if they don't increase the productivity of their XR-1000 adhesive line, they will lose a key customer. The production team meets to decide the best technique to accomplish the productivity goal. What is their most likely choice from the selections below?

  • Kaizen blitz

  • Heijunka

  • Poka-Yoke

  • Theory of Constraints

Correct answer: Kaizen blitz

This is a means to effect rapid improvement in a short period of time. The goal is to improve the cycle time of the production process, and a kaizen-blitz would rapidly identify the top methods to accomplish that goal.

Heijunka is a method of production leveling which would not improve productivity. Poka-Yoke is to mistake-proof a process by implementing safeguards that prevent quality errors from ever occurring. Theory of constraints (TOC) is a means of effectively managing production bottlenecks to maximize output. The kaizen-blitz might ultimately employ TOC in some manner to improve cycle time, but TOC cannot by itself identify all means of improvement.

99.

A banker is evaluating a loan application for an automobile purchase of $45,000. Based on the applicant's credit rating, he will offer a simple interest rate of 8.25% over 72 months. His application analysis indicates an 85% probability that the applicant will not default on the loan and will take the full 72 months to pay back the monies. What is the banker's expected profit?

  • $3,155.62

  • $3,712.50

  • $2,317.33

  • $2,669.12

Correct answer:  $3,155.62

Expected profit = Profit * Probability.  In this case, the loan amount of $45,000 multiplied by the simple interest amount of 8.25% gives an absolute profit of $3,712.50.  Multiplying this by the probability of 85% yields the answer.  All other answers are incorrect. 

100.

Jake is overseeing the installation of new CNC machines that have the ability to rapidly exchange cutting tools through an innovative rotating tool holder. What goal is Jake and his business trying to achieve in this installation? 

  • Single-minute exchange of die

  • Continuous flow manufacturing

  • Takt time

  • Heijunka

Correct answer: Single-minute exchange of die

Also known as SMED, this method seeks to reduce setup time to an absolute minimum.

Continuous flow manufacturing seeks to make only one piece at a time, which is highly advantageous in the manufacture of custom parts. Takt time is purposed to synchronize with customer demand. Heijunka is production leveling for the purpose of reducing variation in the production schedule.  

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