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Quiz Session - Attempts With Random Questions

ASQ CSSGB Exam Questions

Page 3 of 50

41.

Which of the following elements should not be included in a project charter?

  • Solution

  • Purpose

  • Scope

  • Benefits

Correct answer: Solution

A project charter is comprised of the problem statement, purpose, benefits, scope, and results. It does not contain the actual solution to the problem.

The purpose in a charter sets the goals and objectives for the team. The scope sets boundaries for the project, such as budget, time, and other resource limitations. Benefits should be included to propose what measurement or metrics will improve as a result of the project. 

42.

In a feedback loop, the input informs the process step, and the process step informs:

  • Output

  • Subprocess

  • Feedback

  • Systems

Correct answer: Output

The input informs the process step, and the process step informs the output, which in turn informs the input to the next step of the process.   

Subprocess is incorrect because, in a feedback loop, we do not break down the relationship between systems, processes, and subprocesses. Feedback is also incorrect because the focus is on inputs and outputs to create a feedback loop. Systems is incorrect, as the systems supersede the processes in a business system.

43.

How can a visual workplace or visual factory enhance the effectiveness of lean tools?

  • Placing all tooling, parts, and indicators in plain sight to allow immediate communication and confirmation of system status.

  • Labeling and posting workplace layout information and material storage requirements to avoid interrupting the workflow.

  • Streamlining the workplace layout so that workstations and resources are redirected with supporting diagrams and documents.

  • Translating documents and transactions into visible, meaningful devices to be easily understood and accessed by all.

Correct answer: Placing all tooling, parts, and indicators in plain sight to allow immediate communication and confirmation of system status

A visual work environment, or a visual factory, improves the effectiveness of lean tools by placing all tooling, parts, and indicators in plain sight to allow immediate communication and confirmation of system status. It also does so by labeling and posting frequently performed activities, workstations, material storage items, diagrams, and documents and by streamlining and standardizing the workplace layout so that team members obtain the needed information without redirection or interruptions of the regular workflow.

44.

When defects are counted and the sample size is constant, which chart would be used to determine the number of defects within a sample?

  • C charts

  • P charts

  • Np charts

  • U charts

Correct answer: C charts

C charts would be used to determine the number of defects within a sample when defects are counted and the sample size is constant. The key words here are constant sample size and defects within a sample; both of these indicate when the c chart should be used.  

P charts measure defective parts or pieces within a group under review. Np charts imeasure the number of rejected items in a sample. U charts measure the number of defects or problems on a per unit basis.

45.

Design of experiments applies a process after new optimized settings have been found, including conducting a confirmation run, applying the optimized settings as part of the new operation, and updating procedural documentation. This is a variation of what cycle? 

  • SDCA

  • Value stream mapping

  • Cyclical variation

  • Cycle time

Correct answer: SDCA

SDCA (Standardize-Do-Check-Act) is most often used after a process has been improved to update control plans and standardize improvements and changes.  

Value stream mapping is used to illustrate the movement of information, inventory, and material based on customer demand. Cyclical variation and cycle time are not cycles related to the design of experiments.

46.

In which stage(s) of team development do disagreements surface, leading to less work being accomplished?

  • Storming

  • Forming & Norming

  • Norming

  • Transitioning & Storming

Correct answer: Storming

During the storming phase of team development, the scope of the work is understood and new ideas and understandings begin to conflict. This is when disagreements generally begin, slowing down the team and preventing much work from being accomplished. It is a normal and necessary part of the team development cycle.

Forming is the first phase when team members are getting to know each other, and although not much work is accomplished, there is a general sense of belonging.

Norming is the phase when team members have resolved conflicts and some work gets completed.

Transitioning is when the team is disbanded at the end of the project.

47.

Andrew, a master black belt, has just sent back the draft project charter to his green belt with the comment: "please provide further basis and detail in the project scope." What was likely not included in the first draft?

  • SIPOC

  • Success metrics

  • Communication plan

  • Identified risks

Correct answer: SIPOC

A project scope generally must be based on a high level process map or SIPOC in order to demonstrate an understanding of the nature of the problem and to provide a basis for the problem hypothesis.

Success metrics have an independent location in the project charter and is not included in the project scope.

A communication plan and identified risks are generally not included in a project charter.

48.

The historical proportion of defective materials from Supplier C is 15%. You’ve been assigned to compare the performance of Supplier B, who had 13 defectives in a sample size of 110. If α = 0.05 and the p-value of your test is 0.119, what is your conclusion?

  • Because the p-value is > 0.05, there is no statistical difference between suppliers

  • Because the p-value is > 0.05, there is a statistical difference between suppliers

  • Because 13/110 < 15%, there is no statistical difference between suppliers

  • Because 13/110 < 15%, there is a statistical difference between suppliers

Correct answer: The null hypothesis of the proportions test is Ho: p1 = p2. Because the p-value > 0.05, there is no statistical difference between suppliers

Based on α = 0.05, when the p-value is greater than 0.05, we reject the null hypothesis. Here, the p-value is 0.119, which is greater than 0.05, thus there is no statistical difference between the suppliers.

The calculation 13/110 < 15% is incorrect and is also not how proportional statistical significance is determined.

49.

Oscar has been reviewing design changes on an existing product and reviews the current value stream map to assess potential impacts. What part of the map is he most likely to be concerned about?

  • Inventory

  • Process time

  • Takt time

  • Supplier delivery lead time

Correct answer: Inventory

Design changes can take longer to deliver to the marketplace if inventories are high. Unless the design changes are major, they likely don't have a significant impact on process time. Design changes are made for a number of Design For Six Sigma (DFSS) reasons and may or may not be intended to increase demand. With no information on what motivated these changes, we cannot imply that takt time is of concern. This consideration also applies to supplier delivery lead time, as we don't know if the design changes require new materials.

50.

Mistake-proofing is performed under which DMAIC phase?

  • Control

  • Measure

  • Analyze

  • Improve

Correct answer: Control

Mistake-proofing is performed under the control phase of the DMAIC model. The control phase consists of monitoring the system in order to sustain the gains. The control phase consists of management commitment, control plan, dynamic control plan, long-term MSA, mistake-proofing, process behavior charts, and update lessons learned.

The measure phase consists of management commitment, identify a data collection plan, measurement systems analysis, collect data, identify variability, benchmark, and start cost of quality. The analyze phase consists of management commitment, continual improvement, preventive maintenance, cleanliness, benchmark, central limit theorem, geometric dimensioning, shop audit, and experiments. The improve phase consists of management commitment, process improvement, organizational development, variation reduction, problem-solving, brainstorm alternatives, FMEA, cost of quality, and design of experiments.

51.

Which type of factorial design is a factorial experiment that expresses factors and levels in percentages that add up to a total of 100%?

  • Mixture designs

  • Response surface

  • Latin square

  • Youden square

Correct answer: Mixture designs

Mixture designs are a type of factorial design that expresses factors and levels in percentages that add up to a total of 100%. The property of interest in a mixture design depends on the proportions of the mixture components and not on the amounts.

Response surface is a contour diagram. Latin square is an experiment which controls the interactions and effects of variables. Youden square is incorrect because it is the same as a Latin square and does not use percentages which total up to 100%.

52.

All except which of the following are factors accomplished in the analyze phase?

  • Validation of the measurement system

  • Relationships between variables are determined

  • The direction for improvements is determined

  • How the process is performing

Correct answer: Validation of the measurement system

Validation of the measurement system occurs during the measure phase and is not included in the factors described for the analysis phase.

Relationships between variables are determined in the analysis phase. The direction for improvements is determined in the analysis phase. How the process is performing can be determined in the analysis phase.

53.

Donala has been given responsibility by the product manager of an environmentally safe, cyanobacteria killing agent. Sales growth has doubled in the past three months and is expected to triple over the next year. What type of DMADV project should she employ to adapt the product for the planned sales trajectory?

  • Design for scalability

  • Design for agility

  • Design for usability

  • Design for efficiency

Correct answer: Design for scalability

Design for scalability is used where products are anticipated to be in a growth market, such as the bactericide Donala is managing.

Design for agility is used where businesses require approaches which can be rapidly adjusted based on the of the customer.

Design for efficiency is a design where a product consumes minimal resources.

Design for usability is an implied need in a product not normally stated explicitly in the requirements, but the user expects it to be there and its absence will impact the business.

54.

How many key drivers form the backbone of any business's effort to present performance information to executives and staff?

  • A number of key drivers

  • One key driver

  • 3-5 key drivers

  • Two key drivers

Correct answer: A number of key drivers

A number of key drivers is correct because it can take many drivers to form the backbone of any business’s effort to present performance information to executives and staff. 

One driver is incorrect, because it is too limited for most businesses. 3-5 is incorrect because that is too limiting for many businesses, as are two key drivers.

55.

In the context of lean, which of the following best describes workflow analysis?

  • The evaluation of flow in a system and how efficiency and effectiveness can be improved.

  • Sequential activities that show where value is created and where opportunities exist to remove waste.

  • Ordered activities in a system relevant to a process that can be improved to remove non-value-added steps.

  • The evaluation of movement in a system and how the inputs and outputs drive efficiency in the process.

Correct answer: The evaluation of flow in a system and how efficiency and effectiveness can be improved.

In lean, workflow analysis is best summarized as the evaluation of flow in a system and how efficiency and effectiveness can be improved.

Value stream mapping is a set of sequential activities that show where value is created and where opportunities exist to remove waste. 

Ordered activities in a system relevant to a process that can be improved to remove non-value-added steps are part of a kaizen. 

A flowchart evaluates movement in a system and how the inputs and outputs drive efficiency in the process.

56.

Which of the following is the ability of the process to meet expected specifications?

  • Process capability

  • Statistical process control

  • Process performance

  • Performance capability

Correct answer: Process capability

The ability of a process to meet the expected specifications is called process capability.

Statistical process control is the application of statistical techniques to control a process. Process performance is how a process performs, whether it is capable or in control. Performance capability is the capability of a system to perform as it is supposed to.

57.

When determining which inputs to study for a designed experiment, which of the following are not necessary to consider?

  • Inputs that are outside the team's control

  • Inputs that most influence the response

  • Inputs that are quantitative or qualitative

  • Inputs that can be set and controlled for the experiment

Correct answer: Inputs that are outside the team's control 

Inputs to be considered for a designed experiment should be those that most influence the response, are quantitative or qualitative, and can be set and controlled for the experiment. Those outside the team's control cannot be influenced.

58.

If a project team is deciding among options by scoring criteria by relative importance, they are using what define tool?

  • Prioritization matrix

  • Matrix diagram

  • Multivoting

  • Nominal group technique

Correct answer: Prioritization matrix

A prioritization matrix is used to decide among options by scoring criteria by relative importance. The priority matrix helps develop consensus within a group by scoring criteria against options.

Matrix diagram is incorrect because it is used to discover and illustrate relationships between two groups. Multivoting is incorrect as it is used to prioritize brainstorming events. Nominal group technique (NGT) is incorrect as it is used to encourage equal team participation.

59.

Which design of experiments tool is used to increase precision, reduce measurement errors, and balance unknown factors by repeating observations or measurements?

  • Replication

  • Repetition

  • Randomization

  • Planned grouping

Correct answer: Replication

Replication is used to increase precision, reduce measurement errors, and balance unknown factors by repeating observations or measurements. The repetition of sets of all treatment combinations is compared in an experiment.

Repetition is the running of trials under the same machine setups. Randomization organizes the experiment in Six Sigma combinations of chance, which improve the statistical validity. Planned grouping is a practice to promote uniformity within blocks and minimize the effect of unwanted variables.

60.

What is not considered a DFSS process?

  • DMAIC

  • DMADV

  • IDOV

  • ICOV

Correct answer: DMAIC

DFSS, or Design For Six Sigma, is a strategic process that focuses on proactive quality that meets or exceeds customer expectations.

Well known and employed processes within this definition include Define, Measure Analyze, Design (DMADV), Identify, Design, Optimize, Verify (IDOV), and Identify, Characterize, Optimize, Validate (ICOV).

Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (DMAIC) is a defect improvement method for existing processes.

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