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NLN CNE Exam Questions
Page 9 of 25
161.
Nursing students are preparing to receive their mid-semester evaluations. Peer evaluation:
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May be useful to enhance interpersonal skills
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Is considered a reliable indicator of a student's performance
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Should always be conducted anonymously
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Is necessary to establish an accurate grade reflective of the student's performance
Correct answer: May be useful to enhance interpersonal skills
The ability to engage in self-evaluation and peer evaluation is necessary for development of professional maturity. Students, as well as nurse educators, should focus on providing realistic and honest feedback, avoiding intentionally hurting the individual being evaluated. Students need to be afforded the opportunity to practice both self-evaluation and peer evaluation throughout their nursing education.
Peer evaluation may be useful for enhancing interpersonal skills. It is not necessary to conduct peer evaluations in an anonymous manner all the time, nor are they necessary for establishing an accurate grade. A student's performance is not predicated on peer evaluation.
162.
An academic nurse educator (ANE) who teaches in a classroom setting and utilizes a combination of lecture-style teaching with required note taking, clicker apparatus for classroom participation, Socratic questioning with an extended time for answering, and the use of gender-neutral language, is demonstrating:
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The use of strategies for inclusivity
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Diversity in the classroom
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Application of active learning techniques
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Utilizing technology to meet the preferences of students representing Generation X
Correct answer: The use of strategies for inclusivity
The environment of the nursing classroom and the methods used to teach the learners should support and promote an environment of inclusivity. Nursing students across the US represent people from a variety of cultures and races, native and non-native English speakers, gender and sexual orientation differences, and include a wide range of ages. The ANE, which utilizes a combination of teaching methods and technology, allowing extra time for answering Socratic questions, and utilizes gender-neutral language (without affecting learning objectives), demonstrates the use of strategies to promote inclusivity.
The strategies the ANE chose to use in this scenario speak to the diversity within her classroom. The use of clicker apparatus is an example of an active learning technique. A variety of technology should be used to meet the preferences of Generations Y and Z, the largest groups of individuals currently enrolled in nursing programs.
163.
All of the following principles apply to the learning theory of behaviorism except:
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The learner is quite active in the learning process
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Learning is reinforced by response
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Prior experience determines behaviors
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Stimuli and responses are connected
Correct answer: The learner is quite active in the learning process
Behaviorism is a learning theory that focuses only on objectively observable behaviors and discounts any independent activities of the mind. Therefore, the learner is not as active in the learning process as is purported by other theories.
In the educational theory of behaviorism, the following principles are held:
- learning is the result of changes in behavior
- learning is reinforced by response
- stimuli and responses are connected
- prior experience (reinforcements/punishments) determines behaviors
- conditioning determines how individuals respond to a learning situation, as well as the rate at which they respond
164.
A novice nurse educator is pleased to receive a phone call offering her a faculty position at the university from which she has recently graduated. The novice nurse educator understands that in her role as faculty, she will be expected to:
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Practice according to the legal and ethical standards of higher nursing education
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Attend yearly conferences
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Complete a doctoral education program
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Transition from the mindset of service as a clinical nurse to the mindset of educator
Correct answer: Practice according to the legal and ethical standards of higher nursing education
The novice nurse educator who will be serving as academic faculty is expected to practice according to the legal and ethical standards of both higher education and nursing education. While her role will transition from a service role that is of a clinical nature, she will continue to be required to provide service as well as education in her role as nursing faculty. The requirement of completion of a terminal degree, such as a doctoral education program, is specific to the institution and nursing program by whom the nurse educator is employed. Attendance at conferences is valuable to the novice nurse educator but is not a requirement of all nursing faculty.
165.
The academic nurse educator can demonstrate a commitment to lifelong learning by taking part in each of the following activities except:
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Mentorship
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Career mapping
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Reflective self-assessment
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Self-directed learning
Correct answer: Mentorship
Along with the increasingly rapid changes in health care today come changes in academic nursing, where the clinical nurse receives his education. The nurse educator must demonstrate a commitment to lifelong learning if she is to be able to stay current and provide up-to-date nursing education to her students as well as clinical topic areas.
Performing reflective self-assessment, engaging in self-directed learning, and mapping out a career plan are all strategies useful for maintaining a commitment to lifelong learning. Self-reflection requires the nurse educator to know herself and her career goals and to identify the continuing education needs to help her meet them.
Mentorship is a requirement for the academic nurse educator and does not relate to lifelong learning for herself.
166.
Which of the following examples of nursing course content most closely resembles course objectives consistent with a Level Two objective?
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The ANE assigns a case study project regarding a patient receiving end-of-life care who is requesting assisted suicide, and students are required to apply legal and ethical content to determine what their role as a nurse should be in the scenario
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The ANE engages the students in a class discussion about a scenario in which a patient who is receiving end-of-life nursing care requests assisted suicide and what the ANA Code of Ethics for nurses states regarding this topic
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After a discussion about caring for patients who are requesting assisted suicide, the ANE requires the students to develop care plans using criteria from the Standards of Practice of the ANA and the Code for Nurses
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A student who is caring for a patient receiving end-of-life care in the clinical setting notifies the ANE that the patient asked her to participate in his plan for assisted suicide; the ANE collaborates with the student to consciously practice using the Code of Ethics for Nurses in delivery of care for this patient
Correct answer: The ANE assigns a case study project regarding a patient receiving end-of-life care who is requesting assisted suicide, and students are required to apply legal and ethical content to determine what their role as a nurse should be
Level Objectives are utilized in building a framework for class, course, and clinical objectives within a nursing program. The program should be structured in such a manner that students are presented with learning materials/skills at a basic level, and gradually, throughout completion of the course, the student receives further content and skills which build upon the previous content/skills.
In regard to course level objectives, a Level One objective would begin with a discussion of the content or project material. A Level Two objective would build upon the discussion by requiring the students to apply what they have learned in the discussion to a case study. A Level Three objective would take this a step further, and require the students to develop care plans for the patient in the case study. A Level Four objective would require the students to compare and contrast the relevant Standards of Practice and Code of Ethics applicable to the assigned case study with other similar practice situations.
The student who is participating in a clinical situation providing care to a patient requesting assistance in an assisted suicide plan is practicing at a Level Four clinical objective, not in a course objective.
167.
View the supporting details to answer the following question.
Why is this form of test blueprint preferred over other forms?
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Because it demonstrates a higher level of specificity for the validity of test items
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Because it presents a summative evaluation of the students' learning
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Because it correlates with the learning level of the students and the expected mastery of the content
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Because it presents a formative evaluation of the students' learning
Correct answer: Because it demonstrates a higher level of specificity for the validity of test items
The test blueprint in this scenario demonstrates agreement between the test items, the lesson objective, and student learning outcomes of the course. In addition, this blueprint aligns the test questions with steps of the nursing process and the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) categories, ensuring the content being taught is aligned with content that will also be tested by the NCLEX and further aligns with nursing process in general. This blueprint also requires the educator to consider the difficulty level of the questions, which should correlate with the students' learning level and their expected mastery of the subject matter.
This is not an example of a summative-type blueprint.
There is not enough information contained in the blueprint to determine whether this is a formative evaluation.
168.
A nurse educator is developing a test for the students in his Nursing Pharmacology class. In regard to the number of items on the test, the nurse educator needs to consider all of the following except:
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The content being covered by the test items
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How much time is available during which to administer the test
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The level of the students
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The level of difficulty of the test items
Correct answer: The content being covered by the test items
As the nurse educator begins to develop test items, he needs to take into consideration several factors in regard to the number of items on his test. The first and most basic consideration should be the amount of time available for the students to complete the test. No matter how many test items the educator feels he needs to adequately evaluate his students, he is held captive to the ticking of the clock. In general, one minute should be allotted for each multiple-choice test item; items that require higher-level thinking may require more time, and items of a lower level may require less time.
Another consideration is the level of the students being tested. Students whose learning is at a lower level may be unable to complete as many test items in a given time frame as students whose learning is at a higher level.
A third consideration is the level of difficulty of the test items. More difficult items require a greater amount of time to complete, which takes us back to the first and most basic consideration of time.
The actual content being tested should not play a role in how many items may be included on the test, as the nurse educator will be held accountable by both the level of his students and the time available during which to test.
169.
A student nurse, recently graduated from high school, has been accepted into an undergraduate university nursing program. The student will have the opportunity to learn professional comportment in all of the following areas except:
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In specific professional comportment courses
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During orientation to the courses in the program
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At clinical sites
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In behavior demonstrated by nurse educators
Correct answer: In specific professional comportment courses
Professional comportment, a nursing concept which is part of the learning process of becoming a professional nurse, has not been fully developed and analyzed; academic literature and even a body of knowledge on the subject are incomplete. Courses specific to the development of professional comportment are nonexistent. What is known is that in order for nursing students to become fully successful nurses, they must develop positive professional comportment.
Nursing students have opportunity to learn about professional comportment during course orientation, in individual nursing classes or learning modules, at department-sponsored conferences, in the clinical setting, and in the behaviors demonstrated and modeled by their nurse educators.
170.
Nursing students in the simulation laboratory are using a high-fidelity clinical simulator mannequin to practice care of the patient experiencing seizure activity. The mannequin provides the students with feedback on their performance at the end of the scenario, and students are able to practice their critical thinking and interventions again if they did not perform adequately during the first attempt.
The nurse educator can utilize scenarios such as this one in the simulation laboratory to assess all of the following except:
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Emotional intelligence
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Clinical performance
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Psychomotor skills
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Affective behaviors
Correct answer: Emotional intelligence
The use of high-fidelity simulation equipment has become ubiquitous in nursing education as a means of providing both opportunity for practice and evaluation. Nurse educators can take advantage of the myriad opportunities available to nursing students through simulation and capitalize on these opportunities to evaluate clinical performance and psychomotor skills and to assess affective behaviors.
171.
Two fourth-year nursing students have been assigned to a clinical rotation at an in-patient mental health facility. The nurse educator who is overseeing them holds to the cognitivism learning theory (information processing theory) and is concerned that the students' learning is being impaired due to:
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Reports from the nursing staff stating they have observed the students using their cell phones frequently on the unit
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Near-constant screaming, yelling, and other loud noises by the patients on the unit to which they have been assigned
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Regularly being unable to provide an appropriate patient assignment to the students because of low census on the unit
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Very limited professional experience in the mental health specialty area by the nurse educator
Correct answer: Reports from the nursing staff stating they have observed the students using their cell phones frequently on the unit
In the learning theory of cognitivism (information processing theories), control over learning is less focused on the environment and more focused on the learner's mental engagement.
In the learning theory of behaviorism, the teacher and the environment hold responsibility for the students' learning. Loud noises on the unit, low patient census, and limited nursing faculty experience are all examples of impaired learning explained by the theory of behaviorism.
172.
The assistant dean of the undergraduate nursing program has been collecting data on incidences of faculty-to-student incivility in the nursing program. He is likely to identify all of these reported behaviors in faculty-to-student incivility except:
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Eating or drinking in class
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Making rude or condescending remarks
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Not being available outside the class
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Unexpected course changes
Correct answer: Eating or drinking in class
Both students and academic nurse educators (ANE) may be guilty of incivility, whether it be in speech, attitudes, or actions. Students may display incivility by eating or drinking during class (when it is not allowed), talking badly about faculty or challenging faculty, using cell phones for personal use during class time, showing up to class late or leaving early, cheating, or possessing drugs or alcohol. Nursing faculty may display incivility by making due or condescending remarks to students or demonstrating impatience with them, setting students up to fail or making unexpected changes to the course, being defensive or challenging other faculty's knowledge, being unavailable to students outside of class or being unprepared to teach.
173.
The nurse educator may be called upon by the nursing school administration to provide input into each of the following areas of nursing program standards except:
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Faculty admission standards
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Student admission policies
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Graduation policies
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Student progression
Correct answer: Faculty admission standards
The administration of a university nursing program frequently call upon their faculty to provide input into student admission policies, student progression through the course, and graduation policies. Nurse faculty must ensure they base their input on up-to-date relevant evidence if they are to adequately support the continued development of high-quality education and excellent student outcomes.
174.
In 2021, the American Association of the College of Nursing (AACN) revised their criteria on which nursing education should be based. In an attempt to provide structure to nursing curriculum, the AACN has identified four Spheres of Care, which include all of the following, except:
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Scholarship for Nursing Practice
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Information and Technology
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Academic and Practice Partnerships
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Engagement and Experience
Correct answer: Scholarship for Nursing Practice
The AACN heavily revised its criteria on nursing education from 22 outcomes which should be considered when developing baccalaureate nursing education to four Spheres of Care around which nursing education should be based: Systems Based Practice, Information and Technology, Engagement and Experience, and Academic and Practice Partnerships. To further structure nursing education, the AACN has developed 10 areas for competence which they have termed as "Domains," of which Scholarship for Nursing Practice is included. Further, they have identified eight featured concepts which are affiliated with clinical nursing practice. This framework of Spheres of Care, Domains, and Concepts should be utilized for the building or revising of nursing program education.
175.
A group of nursing students is given an assignment to complete a project explaining circulation throughout the heart. A nursing student who is a kinesthetic learner might learn best if he was asked to:
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Design an oversized model of the heart with a path through which students can walk, representing the flow of blood through the heart
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Draw a picture of the heart and the associated vasculature and label the correct flow of blood through the structures
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Type up a summary detailing the structures of the heart and the associated vasculature and explain the pathway of blood flow through the heart
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Put together a taped presentation explaining the major structures of the heart and its associated vasculature and present it to the class
Correct answer: Design an oversized model of the heart with a path through which students can walk, representing the flow of blood through the heart
Kinesthetic learners learn best when they can move around and engage their muscle groups. Kinesthetic learners may struggle to learn when asked to engage in a traditional learning format, such as sitting at a desk taking notes for a prolonged period of time. They prefer a hands-on approach to learning, which may be more challenging to provide within the classroom; but efforts should be made to accommodate their learning style. Asking a kinesthetic learner to design an oversized model of the heart through which he and other students can walk to represent circulation engages the student's full being in the learning process, supporting his comprehension of the actual material.
Drawing a picture of the heart would be best suited to a visual learner.
Typing up a summary detailing the structures of the heart would be best suited to a tactile learner.
Putting together a taped presentation and then presenting it to the class would be best suited to an auditory-verbal or auditory learner.
176.
The nurse educator is responsible for six students who are engaged in clinical learning on a cardiac unit. The nurse educator is preparing to deliver mid-term evaluations to her students and knows that all of the following students would be considered competent except:
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A student has been quick to accept responsibility and apologize each week for forgetting an element necessary to her clinical assignment
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A student is commended by her precepting nurse for her thorough but succinct delivery of shift reports
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A student who has had difficulty taking an accurate blood pressure measurement has shown improvement after asking to work with you one-on-one in the simulation laboratory
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A student was able to identify a patient who was experiencing congestive heart failure when their oxygen saturation level dropped to low normal levels after receiving a blood transfusion and did not return to high normal levels when oxygen was administered
Correct answer: A student has been quick to accept responsibility and apologize each week for forgetting an element necessary to her clinical assignment
Clinical competence in the nursing student may be difficult for a nurse educator to identify. Four themes of successful characteristics have been found to identify competence in nursing students within the clinical setting:
- being prepared for each clinical experience
- demonstrating the ability to think critically
- demonstrating effective communication with patients and their families, nursing/medical staff, nursing faculty, and peers
- having a positive attitude toward learning, accepting feedback, and showing progress in learning
It is commendable that the student who is corrected each week for forgetting some part of the supplies receives the negative feedback well, takes responsibility for her forgetfulness, and apologizes, the fact that she is consistently unprepared each week shows her incompetence. To be a competent student, it is critical to be consistently prepared.
177.
Which of the following interventions can be managed by the nurse leader to control the culture of an organization?
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The individuals who are recruited, selected, and/or replaced as faculty
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Curriculum revision
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Guidelines for student admission
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Selection of clinical practice sites
Correct answer: The individuals who are recruited, selected, and/or replaced as faculty
The culture of an organization can be defined in several ways, including
- individuals' perceptions of the features and interactions of an organization
- the expected or desired behaviors of the group or organization
While the majority view is that culture cannot be managed, key features can be influenced to manage the culture of an organization. Controlling which individuals are recruited, selected, retained, or replaced as faculty does much to influence or manage the culture of an organization.
Revising curriculum does not manage culture.
Manipulating guidelines for student admission is not an appropriate method for controlling or managing the culture of an organization.
Selection of clinical practice sites does not manage culture.
178.
A nurse educator is excited to be embarking on her first teaching opportunity at a university undergraduate program. She can most impact her first-year nursing students' critical thinking skills by:
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Socializing them to the expectation to apply critical thinking in every course included in her curriculum
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Talking frequently and enthusiastically about the idea of critical thinking in her curriculum
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Preparing them for the acquisition of critical thinking skills, which will be taught starting in their third year, by providing educational content that discusses and defines critical and reflective thinking
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Preparing learning materials and providing opportunity for students to acquire body systems content which they will begin applying in clinical practice during their second year
Correct answer: Socializing them to the expectation to apply critical thinking in every course included in her curriculum
Nurse educators can most impact students' critical thinking skills by socializing them to the expectation to apply critical thinking in every course included in their curriculum. Nurse educators often fail to provide actual instruction in critical thinking or opportunities for students to model and practice critical thinking; instead, they simply mention the phrase "critical thinking" repeatedly in their teaching materials. No matter what enthusiasm is displayed about the idea of critical thinking or how often the phrase "critical thinking" is mentioned in the classroom, without actual use of the critical thinking terminology in learning and giving students practice in development and application of these skills through data interpretation, graphs and charts, analyzing diagnoses, and the like, students will continue be handicapped in the actual acquisition of clinical reasoning and judgment.
Reflective and critical thinking skills should be included in teaching materials and opportunities should be provided to practice these skills at all levels of nursing education.
179.
Educational nursing organizations are called upon to be more effective in order to meet the changing demands of today's environment. A nursing organization can improve upon their effectiveness by taking all of the following actions except:
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Avoiding risk
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Being flexible
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Having an entrepreneurial spirit
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Being innovative
Correct answer: Avoiding risk
With the demand to become more effective in order to meet the rapidly changing demands of today's environment, nursing programs must demonstrate flexibility, be adaptive, possess an entrepreneurial spirit, and demonstrate innovation. In addition, improved performance in an organization is linked to leadership which takes part in the organization and to innovation within the organizational culture as a whole.
Avoiding risk is not indicated for improving effectiveness of an organization; typically, organizations that are willing to take risks are more likely to be effective.
180.
In 2010 the National League for Nursing (NLN) developed outcomes for nursing students enrolled in all levels of nursing education, stating that the nurse educator must prepare students to be nurses who are:
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Grounded in values and ethics
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Tolerant of the ambiguity and unpredictability of the world and its effect on the health care system
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Able to communicate effectively with all members of the health care team
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Aware of their own values and ethics and those of their patients and how this impacts their delivery of nursing care
Correct answer: Grounded in values and ethics
According to outcomes and competencies developed in 2010 by the NLN for graduates of all levels of nursing education, nurse educators are required to provide education that prepares nurses
- who are grounded in values and ethics
- who understand that knowledge is continually changing and growing
- who are able to evaluate this dynamic knowledge
- who are able to apply this knowledge in situations where nurses touch the lives of others
Tolerance of the ambiguity and unpredictability of the world and its effect on the health care system, the ability to communicate effectively with all members of the health care team, and the development of an awareness of one's own values and ethics and those of their patients and how this impacts their delivery of nursing care are all outcomes for graduates of baccalaureate-level nursing programs as set forth by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN).