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Quiz Session - Attempts With Random Questions

NSCA-CPT Exam Questions

Page 9 of 50

161.

Which population will likely give the least valid and reliable information as part of their lifestyle inventory?

  • Those with existing, diagnosed health conditions

  • Average, apparently healthy individuals

  • The elderly

Correct answer: Those with existing, diagnosed health conditions

Those with existing, diagnosed health conditions is correct because their lifestyles have already been altered as a result of their diagnosis. Therefore, they may not be exhibiting the lifestyle that led to their diagnosis. These individuals should continue to rely on diagnostic lifestyle information from their physician for guidance.

Average, apparently healthy individuals is incorrect because this is the population that the inventories were designed for. The elderly is incorrect because this population may or may not have previously diagnosed health conditions.

162.

The scoop phase of the power clean is also known as which of the following?

  • The transition

  • The catch

  • The downward movement phase

Correct answer: The transition

There are four phases of upward movement as the bar is lifted to the shoulders in the power clean:

  1. First pull: In the first pull, the lifter pushes through the legs to move the bar from the mid-shin to just above the knees.
  2. Scoop (transition): During the scoop, the lifter brings the hips forward to re-bend the knees to prepare for the explosive movement that comes in the next phase.
  3. Second pull: The lifter pushes quickly and powerfully through the legs and feet to accelerate the bar up the body, allowing the elbows to bend up toward the ceiling.
  4. Catch: Once the bar has reached the highest point, the lifter rotates the arms around the bar to catch the bar on the shoulders with knees slightly bent, the torso upright, and the elbows high.

The downward movement phase involves returning the bar to the starting position.

163.

You are working with a client who has a specific fitness goal involving improving her ability to perform pushups. Which of the following exercises will most help to strengthen some of the major muscles used during pushups?

  • Overhead band triceps extension

  • Biceps preacher curls on machine

  • Lat pull downs

  • Deadlifts

Correct answer: Overhead band triceps extension

The pushup relies primarily on the triceps brachii and pectoralis major as agonists during the movement.

While the other exercises can be a helpful part of a comprehensive fitness program, they do not directly translate to the pushup.

164.

Which of the following is not a factor in determining a client's primary resistance training goals?

  • The client's education level

  • The client's history with weight training

  • The client's scores on muscular endurance and strength testing measures

Correct answer: The client's education level

A client's education level is not a factor in determining primary resistance training goals, because trainers and clients work together to set reasonable fitness goals for the client.

Scores on muscular endurance and strength testing, as well as a client's history with weight training, should all lead toward the client's resistance training goals. 

165.

You are testing a child's cardiovascular endurance in order to obtain more data for designing his program. During the test, his heart rate reaches 205 beats per minute and he is breathing heavily. Which of the following is the most appropriate response?

  • This is a normal response in children during exercise, continue the test and continue to monitor his vitals.

  • Stop the test, lie the child down in the recovery position, and call emergency services.

  • Slowly decrease the child's intensity and allow him to cool down.

  • Increase the intensity of the test, most children have max heart rates exceeding 250 beats per minute.

Correct answer: This is a normal response in children during exercise, continue the test and continue to monitor his vitals.

Many children will demonstrate very high heart rates, even over 200 beats per minute, during exercise. Also, they tend to breathe heavily during exercise, especially when compared to adults.

There is no need to decrease or increase the intensity or stop the test and call emergency services unless the child is displaying troubling signs.

166.

Which of the following is true regarding flexibility and activity level?

  • Active people tend to be more flexible than sedentary people due to the pliability experienced in active muscles.

  • Sedentary people tend to be more flexible than active people due to the tightness experienced from so many activities.

  • There is no correlation between activity level and flexibility level.

  • Active individuals are more flexible than sedentary individuals, but very active individuals are less flexible than moderately active individuals.

Correct answer: Active people tend to be more flexible than sedentary people due to the pliability experienced in active muscles.

Active people are often more flexible than sedentary people. This is because of the decreased body fat and increased tissue pliability that comes with regular movement.

167.

You are designing a program for an obese individual. The client asks you why exercise is a necessary part of her program when she has been losing weight through diet changes alone. Which of the following is a benefit of exercise in a weight loss program?

  • Reduces the risk of disease more than the weight loss itself

  • Increases insulin resistance

  • May decrease resting metabolic rate

  • Decreases energy expenditure

Correct answer: Reduces the risk of disease more than the weight loss itself

Exercise, in and of itself, decreases the risk of diseases more than simply losing weight alone.

Exercise decreases insulin resistance, increases or minimizes decreases in resting metabolic rate, and increases energy expenditure.

168.

Which of the following is not a common error of the barbell biceps curl exercise?

  • Locking the elbows to the sides

  • Bouncing the bar off the thighs

  • Not fully extending the elbows at the end of the movement

Correct answer: Locking the elbows to the sides

Locking the elbows to the sides is correct because allowing the elbows to move away from the sides is the true error of this exercise. The barbell biceps curl should be performed so that the entire body is stabilized except for the elbow joint. This joint should be moved through the entire range of motion for the exercise to be effective.

Bouncing the bar off the thighs and not fully extending the elbows at the end of the movement are incorrect because these are common errors for this exercise.

169.

Which of the following incidents could be considered negligence on the part of a personal trainer?

  • Failing to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in an emergency situation

  • Failing to provide all the training sessions that a client paid for

  • Making repeated, unwanted sexual advances toward a client

Correct answer: Failing to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in an emergency situation

Failing to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in an emergency situation is correct because this includes duty (providing or securing appropriate emergency response for clients), breach of duty (not providing CPR), and proximate cause (personal injury or wrongful death of the client). This type of claim would be filed in the civil system under tort law. Negligence would also be the claim if the personal trainer failed to use an AED in a warranted emergency situation.

Failing to provide all the training sessions that a client paid for is incorrect because this would be a contract law claim. Making repeated, unwanted sexual advances toward a client is incorrect because this situation would be handled by the criminal system.

170.

A client has completed a graded exercise test under the supervision of a physician. Based on this information, which of the following is true regarding prescribing intensity during training sessions?

  • True max heart rate should be used to determine intensity rather than an estimate

  • RPE should be used instead of equations involving heart rate

  • Resting heart rate should be the primary determinant of intensity

  • Blood pressure should be used to determine the intensity

Correct answer: True max heart rate should be used to determine intensity rather than an estimate

A graded exercise test will provide an accurate measurement of a client's VO2max as well as their true max heart rate. For this reason, true max heart rate should be used when determining the intensity, not an estimate.

RPE is not necessary to use in this situation based on the information provided. Resting heart rate may be used to determine some intensity parameters, but it is not the main determinant. Blood pressure would not be the main consideration based on the information provided.

171.

A client is interested in increasing the amount of cardiovascular exercise in his program. Which of the following is a heart-specific benefit of aerobic exercise?

  • Increased stroke volume

  • Increased max heart rate

  • Decreased max heart rate

  • Increased resting heart rate

Correct answer: Increased stroke volume

Stroke volume refers to how much blood is pumped out of the left ventricle with every beat of the heart. Aerobic exercise tends to increase this in clients' hearts.

Max heart rate seems to be determined by age and does not respond to training. Resting heart rate tends to decrease in response to aerobic exercise.

172.

It's common to see which of the following postural changes when conducting a postural assessment on an obese client?

  • Lower spine lordosis

  • Lower spine kyphosis

  • Posterior pelvic tilt

Correct answer: Lower spine lordosis 

The weight of abdominal fat in obese individuals can increase the stress placed on the spine. Coupled with a weak abdominal wall, this often leads to lordosis (arching) of the lower spine. This position may also be associated with lower back pain. Clients in pain should be referred to a medical professional such as an orthopedist to determine the cause of their pain.

A kyphotic position (kyphosis) is one in which the spine is rounded forward. This is typically seen in the thoracic (upper) spine and often occurs in individuals with lower spine lordosis. Lower spine lordosis may also be associated with an anterior pelvic tilt.

Individuals who have these postural changes should focus on building abdominal strength and increasing the flexibility of the hip flexors, which are often very strong in these individuals.

173.

Which of the following is not a phase of the arm stroke during freestyle swimming?

  • Push phase

  • Catch phase

  • Power phase

  • Recovery phase

Correct answer: Push phase

There is no "push" phase.

Swimming freestyle consists of an arm stroke which has three phases:

  1. Catch phase
  2. Power phase
  3. Recovery phase

174.

Which of the following fitness assessments is a measure of muscular endurance?

  • YMCA bench press test

  • 1 repetition maximum bench press test

  • YMCA step test

Correct answer: YMCA bench press test

YMCA bench press test is correct because this test measures upper body muscular endurance by assessing how many times a given weight can be moved at a given cadence. The YMCA bench press test assigns resistance based on gender and is performed at a pace of 30 repetitions per minute. Other muscular endurance tests include the partial curl-up test and the prone double straight-leg-raise test.

1-repetition maximum bench press test is incorrect because this test measures muscular strength. YMCA step test is incorrect because this is a measure of cardiorespiratory fitness.

175.

How long should the wall stretch be held to improve the flexibility of the gastrocnemius and soleus?

  • 30 seconds

  • 10 seconds

  • 60 seconds

Correct answer: 30 seconds

30 seconds is correct because the wall stretch is a static stretch. Static stretches should be moved at a slow, constant speed to the end point to relax and simultaneously lengthen the stretched muscle. This is a relatively safe method of stretching, and injury only occurs if the stretch is too intense.

10 seconds is incorrect because this is too short to allow time for the muscle to relax and lengthen. 60 seconds is incorrect because this length of time may elicit a stretch reflex response that will contract the stretched muscle.

176.

Which of the following serves as a common intensity recommendation for cardiovascular exercise in patients who are recovering from a myocardial infarction?

  • 40% of VO2 max

  • 20% of VO2 max

  • RPE of 10

Correct answer: 40% of VO2 max

Physicians will generally recommend that clients recovering from a myocardial infarction exercise at an intensity of 40%-80% of VO2 max, depending on a variety of factors.

RPE can also be used to measure intensity, and an RPE of 12-16 should be used for these clients.

177.

Which of the following will assess an individual's competence for becoming a personal trainer?

  • Certification

  • Accreditation

  • Standards

Correct answer: Certification

Certification is correct because this implies that the person has displayed enough knowledge to be considered a professional. This certification typically comes in the form of an evaluation, either a written exam, practical test, or oral presentation, or a combination of these. When selecting a certification, it is important to ensure that the certifying organization is accredited. 

Accreditation is incorrect because this refers to a recognition that an organization's educational program or certification test (or both) meets specified criteria. Standards is incorrect because these establish the parameters of appropriate practice for a profession.

178.

What instructions should be given to a client for the upward movement phase of the seated barbell shoulder press?

  • Push the bar overhead while keeping the wrists right above the elbows

  • Push with the legs to assist pushing the bar overhead with the arms

  • Allow the wrists to extend slightly as you push the bar overhead

Correct answer: Push the bar overhead while keeping the wrists right above the elbows

The upward movement phase of the seated barbell shoulder press involves pushing the bar from the clavicles to arm's length overhead. During this movement phase, the wrists should stay directly over the elbows, and the wrists should not extend.

The feet should be firmly planted on the floor for stability as part of the five-point body contact position, but the lifter should not push through the legs to assist with the lift. The shoulder press targets the anterior and medial deltoids, trapezius, and triceps brachii, not the legs.

As the bar passes the head, the lifter can extend their neck to bring the head out of the way so that they can push the bar upward in a relatively straight line. They should not be able to lean back, as their shoulders should already be in contact with the back of the seat, also as part of the five-point body contact position.

179.

A client is "cheating" on the machine standing calf raise by performing a small squat to help them move the weight. Because they are performing a squat along with the calf raise, movement would occur in which of the following joints?

I. Knee

II. Ankle

III. Hip

IV. Thoracic spine 

  • I, II, and III

  • I and II only

  • III and IV only

Correct answer: I, II, and III

The squat involves movement at the hip, knee, and ankle (triple extensors). However, the squat does not utilize movement from the thoracic spine. 

180.

Which of the following is the correct position of the ankle pad for the leg curl exercise?

  • Back of the heel just above the top of the shoe

  • Back of the lower leg in the middle of the calf muscle

  • Back of the heel just above the sole of the shoe

Correct answer: Back of the heel just above the top of the shoe

Back of the heel just above the top of the shoe is correct because this is a comfortable position for the client and allows them to generate the maximum amount of torque available to move the ankle pad. Another important positioning aspect of this exercise is to ensure the knees are aligned with the axis of the machine. The leg curl exercise primarily trains the hamstrings for muscular strength, muscular endurance, or hypertrophy training goals.

Back of the lower leg in the middle of the calf muscle is incorrect because this is positioned too high on the leg and will decrease torque production of the client. Back of the heel just above the sole of the shoe is incorrect because this is too low and may lead to client injury.

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