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Quiz Session - Attempts With Random Questions

PMI CAPM Exam Questions

Page 4 of 55

61.

You are managing a project to develop a new software application. Your team needs to gather and document requirements effectively. 

Which of the following tools would be most appropriate for this scenario? (Choose two)

  • User stories

  • Use cases

  • Gantt chart

  • Fishbone diagram

  • SWOT analysis

User stories are a tool used in Agile methodologies to capture requirements from the user's perspective, focusing on the value to the user.

A Gantt chart is a project management tool used for scheduling and tracking project timelines, not for gathering requirements.

Use cases describe how users will interact with the system, providing detailed scenarios that help in understanding requirements.

A Fishbone diagram is used for root cause analysis, not for gathering requirements.

SWOT analysis is used for strategic planning and identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, not for gathering requirements.

62.

You are being requested by senior stakeholders to provide an update on a change that occurred to the schedule. Creating a memo about a new update to your project schedule is an example of what type of communication method?

  • Push communication

  • Interactive communication

  • Pull communication

  • Interpersonal communication

Correct answer: Push communication

Push communication is sent to stakeholders in the form of memos, emails, status reports, voice mail, etc. Push communication is used for one-way communications with individual stakeholders or groups of stakeholders. Push communication inhibits the ability to immediately gauge reaction and assess understanding; therefore, it should be used deliberately.

In the Manage Communications process, the choice of communication methods is an important consideration. As there can be many potential barriers and challenges during this process, the focus is to ensure that the information that has been created and distributed is received and understood to enable response and feedback.

There are several communication methods used to share information among project stakeholders:

  • Interactive communication: This is a method of communication that exists between two or more parties performing a multidirectional exchange of information in real time. Examples include artifacts such as meetings, phone calls, instant messaging, some social media, and video conferencing.
  • Push communication: This is a method of communication in which communication is sent or distributed directly to specific recipients who need to receive the information. The information is distributed, but this method does not ensure that the target audience received or understood the message. Examples include artifacts such as letters, memos, reports, emails, faxes, voice mails, blogs, and press releases.
  • Pull communication: This is a method of communication used for large complex information sets or large audiences. It requires the audience to access content at their own discretion. Examples include web portals, intranet sites, e-learning, lessons learned databases, and knowledge repositories.

63.

You are measuring stakeholder satisfaction within your project. The metric that you decide to use measures a range from -100 to +100. A high score indicates customer loyalty and satisfaction. Due to the high score evaluation as the result of your measures, you determine that your project is highly recommendable by stakeholders. 

What stakeholder satisfaction metric was best used?

  • Net promoter score (NPS)

  • Mood chart

  • Satisfaction chart

  • Recommendation score

Correct answer: Net promoter score (NPS)

The Net Promoter Score (NPS) measures whether a stakeholder is willing to recommend the service or product to others. The net promoter score ranges from -100 to +100. A positive or higher score is related to customer satisfaction or loyalty, and a lower score conveys the opposite. The NPS is a powerful stakeholder satisfaction measurement tool that can determine satisfaction among various stakeholders. 

64.

Billy is in a meeting with the project sponsor to review the process for changes. What defines the process by which a procurement can be modified?

  • Contract change control system

  • Contract modification analysis

  • Inspections and audits

  • Payment systems

Correct answer: Contract change control system

A contract change control system defines the process by which a procurement can be modified. It is a system used to collect, track, adjudicate, and communicate changes to a contract. It includes the paperwork, tracking systems, dispute resolution procedures, and approval levels necessary for authorizing changes. The contract change control system is a part of the Perform Integrated Change Control process.

65.

You are in a meeting with various stakeholders to determine what is required to prevent unnecessary changes to the project. This would also contribute to analyzing the change requests so that it is in alignment with the project's scope. You all come to an agreement to baseline the requirements. Why would you baseline the requirements?

  • To prevent scope creep

  • Management of workflow

  • Prevent requested changes

  • Manage stakeholder feedback

Correct answer: To prevent scope creep

The best reason for baselining requirements would be to prevent scope creep. Baselines are imperative towards evaluating change requests to see whether the requested changes are within the scope of the project. This ultimately prevents scope creep. A baseline is the approved version of a work product or plan. The actual performances are compared to the baselines so that variances can be identified. 

66.

You are in a meeting with the project team to determine the EMV of the project. Work package 1 has a probability of 25% and an impact of $10,000. Work package 2 has a probability of 50% and an impact of $50,000. What is the expected monetary value of work package 2?

  • $25,000

  • $2,500

  • $12,500

  • $5,000

Correct answer: $25,000

Work package 2 has an Expected Monetary Value (EMV) of $25,000. The formula for EMV is Probability x Impact. Therefore, EMV = 50% x $50,000 = $25,000.

67.

The use of virtual teams has allowed people from around the globe to work together on the same projects. This has both advantages and disadvantages. Which of the following is not an advantage of the virtual team model?

  • A "war room" can be used to enhance the team's ability

  • A project that was on hold due to travel expenses may move forward

  • An expert in a different geographic area can be part of the team

  • Team members who work on different days, shifts, and hours can be part of the project

Correct answer: A "war room" can be used to enhance the team's ability

Using a "war room" to enhance a team's ability is an advantage of co-location, not an advantage of the virtual team model.

Some advantages of the virtual team model are that a project that was on hold due to travel expenses may move forward, a person with special expertise located in a different geographic area can be part of the team, and team members who work at differing times can be part of the project.

68.

Elijah is called into a meeting with all the senior stakeholders of the organization to discuss whether the project is leading to success or failure. A project will be considered a failure if:

  • The schedule baseline is not met

  • The team members do not get along

  • The project is under budget

  • The project is completed early

Correct answer: The schedule baseline is not met

A project will be considered a failure if the schedule baseline is not met. The project manager will need to monitor the project schedule and identify factors that may be causing changes or a need for additional time. When a project completion date cannot be met, the project manager may want to cancel the project before it wastes too much company time. 

A baseline is the approved version of a work product or plan. Actual performance is compared to baselines to identify variances. A project schedule is an output of a schedule model that presents linked activities with planned dates, durations, milestones, and resources. 

69.

A project is underway under a contract that involves payments to the seller for the actual cost incurred in addition to a fee representing the seller's profit. The project scope is not well-defined and will most likely undergo changes. What type of contract does this best represent? 

  • Cost-reimbursable contracts

  • Fixed-price contracts

  • Time and materials (T&M)

  • Indefinite delivery indefinite quantity (IDIG)

Correct answer: Cost-reimbursable contracts

In this situation, the contract that best describes this would be a cost-reimbursable contract. This contract includes payments to the seller determined by the actual costs incurred in finishing the work and a fee representing the seller's profit. This type of contract is often used when the project scope needs to be better defined and is predicted to change frequently. 

Other agreements include fixed-price contracts, Time and Material (T&M), Indefinite Delivery Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ), and other contracts.  

70.

A project manager has been asked by a senior stakeholder to implement some changes to the project. In evaluating the situation and talking to the upper leadership team, the team agreed to proceed forward with the processes to implement the change. At what point should the project manager evaluate the impact of a requested change?

  • First, before any other action is started

  • After the change request is approved

  • After they get the customer to buy in on the change

  • After they find a way to save time by implementing the change

Correct answer: First, before any other action is started

The project manager should evaluate the impact of a requested change before taking any other action. The project manager should follow these steps regarding requested changes:

  1. Evaluate the impact
  2. Create options
  3. Get the change request approved
  4. Get customer buy-in

71.

A vendor conference is underway. All the potential vendors for your contract are in attendance. A reason for this event is to prevent preferential treatment of or biased opinions on any of the bidders. What is another name for vendor conferences?

  • Bidder conferences

  • Iteration review

  • Product refinement

  • Stakeholders conference

Correct answer: Bidder conferences

Bidder conferences are meetings with prospective sellers before the preparation of a bid or proposal to make sure that all the prospective vendors have a clear and common understanding of the procurement. Bidder conferences are also known as contractor conferences, pre-bid conferences, or vendor conferences. Bidder conferences are used to make sure that all the prospective bidders have a common and clear understanding of the procurement without having any preferential treatment to any other bidders.

72.

You have just joined a new organization that specializes in artificial intelligence robots. In a meeting with the project sponsor, the sponsor mentioned that there will be separate requirements for this project that will include software and hardware deliverables. The software will be developed in an adaptive environment and the hardware in a predictive environment. The final product will also be released utilizing predictive methods. 

What development approach was utilized in this situation? 

  • Hybrid approach 

  • Predictive approach

  • Adaptive approach

  • Operational approach 

Correct answer: Hybrid approach 

A hybrid approach is a development approach that uses both adaptive and predictive approaches. Some parts of the projects may be derived from a predictive approach and some from an adaptive approach. The hybrid approach is utilized when there is uncertainty or risk that is a result of the requirements. Hybrid approaches may often utilize an iterative or incremental development approach. Iterative approaches are used best for clarifying requirements and exploring options. Incremental approaches are best used to produce a deliverable throughout a series of iterations.

A predictive approach is utilized when the project and product requirements can be defined, collected, and analyzed at the beginning stages of the project. A predictive approach is often known as the waterfall approach. In this type of project approach, there is often a high level of risk that may require recurring reviews, change control mechanisms, and replanning. There is also a significant investment that is involvement. Scope schedule, cost, resources, and risk are defined at the beginning of the project and are often quite stable. Projects that use this approach oftentimes may have templates from similarly executed projects in the past.

Adaptive approaches are best used when requirements have concerns with high levels of uncertainty and volatility. These requirements are likely to change throughout the performance of the project. Although a clear vision of the project is set at the start, the requirements are refined, detailed, changed, or replaced as a result of obtained feedback or the changing environment. Agile approaches are often considered adaptive approaches.

The operational approach is a made-up term and is not a PMI development approach as a way to create and evolve the product, service, or result during the project lifecycle.

73.

You are a project manager working on a new software product. You need to determine which components should be included in the upcoming release. 

Which of the following actions should you take to make this decision effectively? (Choose three)

  • Prioritize components based on their business value and customer impact

  • Collaborate with stakeholders to understand their priorities and expectations

  • Ensure that the selected components align with the overall project goals and objectives

  • Include all components regardless of their readiness to meet the release deadline

  • Use the release plan to track daily development tasks

Prioritizing based on business value and customer impact ensures that the most critical components are delivered first.

Including components that are not ready can jeopardize the quality and success of the release.

Collaboration with stakeholders ensures that their needs and expectations are met.

The release plan is a high-level document and should not be used for tracking daily tasks.

Alignment with project goals ensures that the release supports the broader objectives of the project.

74.

You have been asked to provide the future value of expected benefits, which is known as the net present value (NPV) of your projects. What is the purpose of calculating the net present value (NPV) of each possible project?

  • To compare projects to select the best project to initiate

  • To determine what each project's anticipated return will be

  • To determine the length of time it will take for the organization to recover its investment for each project

  • To compare the potential benefits of each project

Correct answer: To compare projects to select the best project to initiate

The purpose of calculating the Net Present Value (NPV) of each possible project is to compare projects to select the best project to initiate. The NPV is the future value of expected benefits. It is often expressed in the value of those benefits at the time of investment. NPV considers current, future costs, and benefits and inflation.

An IRR is completed to determine what each project's anticipated return will be. The payback period determines the length of time it will take for the organization to recover its investment for each project. The cost-benefit analysis is completed to compare the potential benefits of each project.

75.

You are a project manager working on a new product launch. During the planning phase, you are tasked with creating a stakeholder register to ensure effective stakeholder management. 

Which of the following statements about the stakeholder register are correct? (Choose two)

  • The stakeholder register includes detailed information about each stakeholder's interests, influence, and impact on the project.

  • The stakeholder register helps in identifying the communication needs of each stakeholder.

  • The stakeholder register is a static document that does not need to be updated once it is created.

  • The stakeholder register should be shared with all stakeholders to ensure transparency.

  • The stakeholder register is only used during the initiation phase of the project.

The stakeholder register captures comprehensive details about each stakeholder, including their interests, influence, and potential impact on the project, which is crucial for effective stakeholder management.

The stakeholder register is a dynamic document that should be updated regularly to reflect any changes in stakeholder information or project circumstances.

While transparency is important, the stakeholder register may contain sensitive information and should be shared selectively, based on the need-to-know principle.

The stakeholder register is a valuable tool for identifying and planning the communication needs and strategies for each stakeholder, ensuring that they are kept informed and engaged appropriately.

The stakeholder register is used throughout the project lifecycle to manage and engage stakeholders effectively.

76.

A bidder conference is in progress with all the prospective sellers for your contract. The purpose of this meeting is for all the vendors to have a common understanding. What do the vendors need to have a common understanding of?

  • A common understanding of the procurement

  • A common understanding of the cost

  • A common understanding of the timeline

  • A common understanding of the scope

Correct answer: A common understanding of the procurement

Bidder conferences are meetings with prospective sellers before the preparation of a bid or proposal to make sure that all the prospective vendors have a clear and common understanding of the procurement. Bidder conferences are also known as contractor conferences, pre-bid conferences, or vendor conferences. Bidder conferences are used to make sure that all the prospective bidders have a common and clear understanding of the procurement without having any preferential treatment to any other bidders.

77.

An adaptive lifecycle project is now in progress, and you have been assigned as its project manager. An essential component to this type of project environment is for you to lead the team effectively. You choose a leadership style that best provides leading through service to the team. What type of leadership style does this best describe?  

  • Servant leadership

  • Autocratic leadership

  • Laissez-faire leadership

  • Supportive leadership

Correct answer: Servant leadership

Servant leadership includes leading through service to the team. Servant leaders focus on understanding the needs and development of the team to facilitate the highest return on team performance. Servant leaders practice agile methodologies. 

Servant leaders manage relationships to collaborate within the team and throughout the organization. This support style helps to remove impediments and facilitates the team to streamline processes. Servant leaders understand the agile approach and can meet the team's needs. 

78.

Victor is utilizing an analysis technique that shows him where the project is going. He identifies and analyzes patterns with various data that are gathered from his project. This analysis also allows him to identify and predict future problems. What analysis is Victor utilizing?

  • Trend analysis

  • SWOT analysis

  • Stakeholder analysis

  • Variance analysis

Correct answer: Trend analysis

Trend analysis utilizes a mathematical model to forecast future outcomes derived from historical results. It is used to predict future performance based on previous project results. Trend analysis explores future expected slippages and warns the project manager before the problem in the schedule becomes affected due to the identified trends. The information that is gathered is available at the beginning of the project for the project team to address anomalies. Preventive actions are a result of trend analysis.

79.

In project management, a team addresses various challenges, including constraints on budget, scope, schedule, and quality, to make informed decisions and achieve robust solutions. What project management activity does this best illustrate?

  • Conflict management

  • Problem management

  • Communications management

  • Issues management

Correct answer: Conflict management

This activity is a prime example of conflict management in project management. In any project, regardless of its nature or the methodologies applied, conflicts are inevitable. Such conflicts often arise from constraints and pressures related to budget, scope, schedule, and quality, each representing differing interests and priorities within the project. Effective conflict management involves recognizing and addressing these issues in a manner that not only resolves the immediate conflict but also aids in making better decisions and developing stronger, more sustainable solutions. It's a crucial part of maintaining project harmony and ensuring that differing viewpoints or challenges are managed constructively for the benefit of the project's objectives.

80.

Lee is working on the communications management plan for the project. She is exploring various considerations in communications management. Which of the following is not a technique or consideration that can be used for effective communications management?

  • Social media management

  • Choice of media

  • Presentations

  • Sender-receiver model

Correct answer: Social media management

Social media management is a tool used for project information management.

Choice of media is incorrect, as it is a consideration in communications management and refers to the types of communication applied to certain types of information.

Presentations is incorrect, as this is a technique of communication management that involves body language and visual aides.

Sender-receiver model is incorrect, as it is a technique of communication management that establishes feedback loops.

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