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Quiz Session - Attempts With Random Questions

PMI CAPM Exam Questions

Page 3 of 55

41.

You are leading a project team and need to understand the differences between leadership and management to effectively guide your team. Which of the following statements correctly describes these differences? (Choose two)

  • Leadership focuses on setting direction and inspiring people, while management focuses on planning and organizing tasks.

  • Leadership involves creating a vision for the future, while management involves ensuring the vision is implemented efficiently.

  • Management is about influencing people to achieve common goals, while leadership is about controlling and directing resources.

  • Management is primarily concerned with long-term strategic goals, while leadership deals with day-to-day operations.

  • Leadership and management are the same and can be used interchangeably in project management.

Leadership is about setting a direction, inspiring, and motivating people to follow that direction, whereas management is about planning, organizing, and coordinating tasks to achieve specific objectives.

Leadership involves creating a vision and setting a strategic direction for the future, while management is responsible for implementing that vision through efficient and effective processes.

Leadership is about influencing and inspiring people, while management controls and directs resources to achieve goals.

Management typically deals with day-to-day operations and ensuring tasks are completed, while leadership is more concerned with long-term strategic goals and vision.

Leadership and management are distinct concepts with different focuses and responsibilities. They are not interchangeable.

42.

Nila is a new project manager assigned to an organization that needs her involved with the beginning stages of its development. She will need to work on areas that are important in the initiation stage. What two knowledge areas have processes in the Initiating Process Group?

  • Project Integration Management and Project Stakeholder Management

  • Project Integration Management and Project Resource Management

  • Project Stakeholder Management and Project Risk Management

  • Project Risk Management and Project Cost Management

Correct answer: Project Integration Management and Project Stakeholder Management

Project Integration Management and Project Stakeholder Management are the only knowledge areas that have processes in the Initiating Process Group:

  • Develop Project Charter - Project Integration Management
  • Identify Stakeholders - Project Stakeholder Management

This process group includes all processes related to answering two questions: What business situation is being considered? and What does the business need to do? It does not include any processes related to doing any project work. 

43.

An iteration planning meeting is currently in progress. The team works out to clarify the backlog items, acceptance criteria, and work effort to be performed next. What is another name for an iteration planning meeting?

  •  Sprint planning meeting

  • Retrospective

  • Status review

  • Kickoff meeting

Correct answer: Sprint planning meeting

A sprint planning meeting, or an iteration planning meeting, is used to clarify the details of the backlog items, acceptance criteria, and work effort required to meet an upcoming iteration commitment. Iterations are timeboxed cycles of development on a product or deliverable in which all of the work that is required to deliver value is conducted.

44.

You have joined a new organization that is new to project management. A senior stakeholder is asking when the best stage is to define the project. Which process group consists of those processes performed to define a new project or a new phase of an existing project by obtaining authorization to start the project or phase?

  • Initiating Process Group

  • Planning Process Group

  • Executing Process Group

  • Closing Process Group

Correct answer: Initiating Process Group

The Initiating Process Group consists of those processes performed to define a new project or a new phase of an existing project by obtaining authorization to start the project or phase. Within the initiating processes, the initial scope is defined and initial financial resources are committed.

45.

You are called into a meeting with the project sponsor to discuss why a task is behind schedule. The sponsor asks you to provide them with a course of action to improve the position of this task. What is your best course of action?

  • Fast tracking

  • Task acceleration

  • Grouping

  • Finish-to-start

Correct answer: Fast tracking

Fast tracking is a schedule compression method utilized when the schedule model does not meet the goal end date. Fast tracking occurs in which the activities or tasks are done in parallel for a portion of its duration. Fast tracking includes the application of leads and lags along a network path. 

46.

You are looking for particular information that was created at the beginning of the project. Which of the following areas of the project charter explains what the potential threats and opportunities are for the project?

  • Overall project risk

  • Stakeholder requirements

  • Measurable project objectives

  • Preapproved resources

Correct answer: Overall project risk

The overall project risk section of the project charter explains what the potential threats and opportunities are. These are the effects of uncertainty on the project from a holistic perspective, which is the result of all sources of uncertainty. These include individual risks which represent the exposure of stakeholders.

The preapproved resources section of the project charter tells how many resources will be provided. The stakeholder requirements section explains what requirements are related to both the product and the project scope. The measurable project objectives section explains how the project ties into the organization's strategic goals.

47.

The network diagram has five paths; the paths and their duration are as follows:

  1. Start > A > B > C > End, duration: 31 days
  2. Start > D > E > F > End, duration: 18 days
  3. Start > D > B > C > End, duration: 26 days
  4. Start > G > H > I > End, duration: 13 days
  5. Start > G > E > F > End, duration: 16 days

Identify the float for the fourth path.

  • 18 days

  • 13 days

  • 5 days

  • 15 days

Correct answer: 18 days

The network diagram has five paths; the paths and their duration are as follows:

  1. Start > A > B > C > End, duration: 31 days
  2. Start > D > E > F > End, duration: 18 days
  3. Start > D > B > C > End, duration: 26 days
  4. Start > G > H > I > End, duration: 13 days
  5. Start > G > E > F > End, duration: 16 days

Since the duration of the first path is the longest, it is the critical path. The float on the critical path is zero.

The float for the second path “Start > D > E > F > End” = duration of the critical path – duration of the path “Start > D > E > F > End”

= 31 - 18 = 13.

Hence, the float for the second path is 13 days.

Using the same process, we can calculate the float for other paths as well:

  • Float for the first path = 0 days
  • Float for the second path = 31 - 18 = 13
  • Float for the third path = 31 - 26 = 5 days
  • Float for the fourth path = 31 - 13 = 18 days
  • Float for the fifth path = 31 - 16 = 15 days

48.

An agile project is underway with a seasoned scrum team. You are the facilitator and meet with the team for the first time. During the meeting you elaborate on the importance of the agile manifesto. Which of the following is part of the four values of the agile manifesto? 

  • Customer collaboration over contract negotiation

  • Process and tools over individuals and interactions

  • Following a plan over responding to change

  • Comprehensive documentation over working software

Correct answer: Customer collaboration over contract negotiation

Customer collaboration over contract negotiation is one of the four values. The other three include individuals and interactions over processes and tools, working software over comprehensive documentation, and responding to change over following a plan. 

The agile movement was formalized in 2001 with the creation of the manifesto for agile software development. The agile manifesto ultimately creates a blueprint for critical values and principles behind an agile philosophy. This serves to help develop teams and work efficiently.

49.

You are working with the customer to verify that all work completed meets the requirements of the contract. The final stages of closing the project have begun, and you coordinate a meeting to discuss the regulations, requirements, and specifications involved. Which of the following best describes the product verification process of procurement closure?

  • The buyer checks to see if all contract work has been completed satisfactorily

  • The buyer and seller review the contract to finalize payment for all claims and invoices

  • The cost records are completed and final payments are made

  • The procurement manager and the project manager discuss how to handle contract negotiations better in the future

Correct answer: The buyer checks to see if all contract work has been completed satisfactorily

Verification evaluates whether a product, service, or result complies with a regulation, requirement, specification, or imposed condition. It is often an internal process; therefore, the buyer would be responsible for verification to ensure the seller provided the deliverables according to the accepted requirements.

50.

As the project manager, you choose the best communication method tailored to your organization. You decide on using meetings, phone calls, instant messaging, and social media. Which communication method does this best describe?

  • Interactive communication

  • Push communication

  • Pull communication

  • Social media communication 

Correct answer: Interactive communication

Interactive communication occurs among two or more parties that perform a multidirectional exchange of information in real time. An interactive communication method employs meetings, phone calls, instant messaging, social media, and video conferencing. 

The three communication methods are interactive, push, and pull. A communication method is a systematic procedure, technique, or process that is used to transfer information with stakeholders. Methods are further broadly classified into three communication methods. 

51.

Liam has called a meeting with his project team to address a disagreement among several members. Which of the following is the conflict resolution technique used when searching for a solution that would bring some degree of satisfaction to all parties to temporarily or partially resolve a conflict?

  • Compromise/reconcile

  • Collaborate/problem solve

  • Smooth/accommodate

  • Withdraw/avoid

Correct answer: Compromise/reconcile

There are five general techniques for resolving conflict. Each technique has its unique place and use:

  1. Compromise/reconcile: Searching for solutions that bring some degree of satisfaction to all parties to temporarily or partially resolve the conflict. This is generally a lose-lose situation.
  2. Withdraw/avoid: Retreating from an actual or potential conflict situation; postponing the issue to be better prepared or to be resolved by others.
  3. Smooth/accommodate: Highlighting areas of agreement rather than areas of difference; conceding one's position to the needs of others to maintain harmony.
  4. Force/direct: Pushing one's viewpoint at the expense of others; offering only win-lose solutions, usually enforced through a power position. This is often a win-lose situation.
  5. Collaborate/problem solve: Incorporating multiple viewpoints and insights from differing perspectives; requires a cooperative attitude and open dialogue. This approach can result in a win-win situation.

52.

A project manager is overseeing a software development team using Scrum. The team is using a sprint burndown chart to track their progress during the sprint. 

Which of the following statements accurately describes the sprint burndown chart? (Choose two)

  • The sprint burndown chart shows the amount of remaining work for the sprint

  • The sprint burndown chart helps the team visualize whether they are on track to complete the sprint

  • The sprint burndown chart tracks the cumulative cost of the project over time

  • The sprint burndown chart is used to plan future sprints and allocate resources

  • The sprint burndown chart shows the critical path for the project

The burndown chart is designed to show how much work is left in a sprint, typically in terms of hours or story points.

The chart provides a visual representation of progress, allowing the team to see if they are on pace to complete all sprint tasks by the end of the iteration.

The sprint burndown chart is not a cost-related tool and does not track the cumulative cost of the project over time.

The sprint burndown chart is focused on tracking the current sprint, not planning future ones.

Critical path analysis is a technique used in predictive project management, not in the Agile context of a sprint burndown chart.

53.

Ella has just taken over a newly developed project and is in the process of creating a document that describes how, when, and by whom information is relayed. This document involves important stakeholders due to their request to receive information about the project throughout the week. 

What document best represents what Ella is creating?

  • Communications management plan

  • Quality management plan

  • Resources management plan

  • Change-control plan

Correct answer: Communications management plan

This plan is a component of the project, programs, or portfolio management plan that describes how, when, and by whom information about the project will be administered and disseminated. A plan is a proposed means of accomplishing something. Plans generally are written documents but may also be reflected on visual/virtual whiteboards. 

54.

You are conducting a form of analysis that evaluates internal and external factors. Which of the following is used to identify the project's risks by looking at its strengths and weaknesses?

  • SWOT analysis

  • Root cause analysis

  • Assumptions analysis

  • Document analysis

Correct answer: SWOT analysis

The SWOT analysis is used to identify the project's risks by looking at its strengths and weaknesses. SWOT is the acronym for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats and is used to evaluate the organization, project, or option. 

55.

The project sponsor has asked you to evaluate the internal rate of return (IRR) of the project. What is the IRR best described as?

  • The rate of growth a project is expected to generate

  • The summed benefits of a project minus the associated costs

  • The value today of future cash flows

  • A method used to analyze the profitability of a project

Correct answer: The rate of growth a project is expected to generate

Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is best described as the rate of growth a project is expected to generate. The IRR is the projected annual yield of a project investment. It incorporates both initial and ongoing costs into an estimated growth rate. 

Cost-benefit analysis is the summed benefits of a project minus the associated costs. Present value is the value today of future cash flows. Net present value is used to analyze the profitability of a project.

56.

In the context of project management, recognizing that risks are an inherent aspect of any project, which item is not typically added to the risk register as a part of the Implement Risk Responses process?

  • Risk triggers

  • Lessons learned

  • Closing of risks that are no longer valid

  • Results of the risk audits

Correct answer: Risk triggers

Risk triggers are not included in the risk register during the Implement Risk Responses phase. Instead, they are identified during the risk response planning phase. The Implement Risk Responses process primarily involves the application and monitoring of the strategies devised to handle the identified risks. The additions to the risk register in this phase include lessons learned, the closure of risks that are no longer applicable, outcomes from risk audits, results of risk assessments, and specific details and outcomes related to the occurrence of risks. These additions are vital for providing a comprehensive understanding of how risks are being managed and their impact on the project, as well as for guiding future risk response strategies. Risk triggers, on the other hand, are pre-identified indicators or conditions that signal the possibility of a risk occurring, and are typically documented earlier in the risk management process.

57.

During a meeting with the project sponsor, the project sponsor asks you which leadership style you will use for the upcoming agile project. They explain that you will need to focus on understanding and addressing the development team's needs to maximize the project team's performance. Which of the following best describes this type of leadership style?

  • Servant leadership

  • Supportive leadership

  • Autocratic leadership

  • Laissez-faire leadership

Correct answer: Servant leadership

Servant leadership includes leading through service to the team. Servant leaders focus on understanding the needs and development of the team to facilitate the highest return on team performance. Servant leaders practice agile methodologies. 

Servant leaders manage relationships in order to collaborate within the team and throughout the organization. This support style helps to remove impediments and facilitate the team to streamline processes. Servant leaders understand the agile approach and are able to meet the teams needs. 

58.

You are working with the project sponsor to come up with a solution for exchanging information within your project. You decide to utilize a computer program that is efficient and reliable enough to get the work done. This is due to the referrals to use this program by existing project managers within the organization. What does this best describe?

  • Communication technology

  • Social media modes

  • Technological systems

  • Information systems requirements

Correct answer: Communication technology

Communication technology is the tools, systems, computer programs, etc., utilized to transfer and convey information to project stakeholders. The methods used will also vary depending on the environment. Information exchange methods include meetings, conversations, written documents, databases, social media, and websites. Factors that will affect communication technology choices include the urgency of the need for information, availability and reliability of technology, ease of use, project environment and sensitivity, and confidentiality of the information. 

59.

Danny has just been hired by an organization to be their new infrastructure project manager. He is tasked with leading a large project for which the company may have to use several outside suppliers. The method and guidelines for managing these potential suppliers should be clearly defined in which of the following?

  • Procurement management plan

  • Project management plan

  • Risk register

  • Statement of work

Correct answer: Procurement management plan

The procurement management plan describes how procurement processes will be developed and managed through contract closure. Management of multiple suppliers should be outlined in the procurement management plan. Procurement can happen at any time during a project. However, up-front planning helps to set expectations that ensure the procurement process is performed smoothly. 

60.

You are reassigned to a new project that has a high degree of innovation. The project team also did not have the experience to meet the demands of this innovative project. What development approach was best used to create this project?

  • Adaptive approach

  • Hybrid approach

  • Predictive approach

  • Operational approach

Correct answer: Adaptive approach

Adaptive approaches are best used when requirements have concerns with high levels of uncertainty and volatility. These requirements are likely to change throughout the performance of the project. Although a clear vision of the project is set at the start, the requirements are refined, detailed, changed, or replaced as a result of obtained feedback or the changing environment. Agile approaches are often considered adaptive approaches.

A hybrid approach is a development approach that uses both adaptive and predictive approaches. Some parts of the projects may be derived from a predictive approach and some from an adaptive approach. The hybrid approach is utilized when there is uncertainty or risk that is a result of the requirements. Hybrid approaches may often utilize an iterative or incremental development approach. Iterative approaches are used best for clarifying requirements and exploring options. Incremental approaches are best used to produce a deliverable throughout a series of iterations.

A predictive approach is utilized when the project and product requirements can be defined, collected, and analyzed at the beginning stages of the project. A predictive approach is often known as the waterfall approach. In this type of project approach, there is often a high level of risk that may require recurring reviews, change control mechanisms, and replanning. There is also a significant investment that is involvement. Scope schedule, cost, resources, and risk are defined at the beginning of the project and are often quite stable. Projects that use this approach oftentimes may have templates from similarly executed projects in the past.

The operational approach is a made-up term and is not a PMI development approach as a way to create and evolve the product, service, or result during the project lifecycle.

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