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Quiz Session - Attempts With Random Questions

ASQ CSSGB Exam Questions

Page 8 of 50

141.

The settings and possible factor values and an experimental design determined by quantitative and qualitative measures are known as which of the following?

  • Levels

  • Treatment

  • Factor

  • Replication

Correct answer: Levels

Levels are the settings and possible factor values and an experimental design determined by quantitative and qualitative measures. The levels are the settings of possible values of a factor in the experimental design throughout the process of the design. An example may be temperatures for quantitative measures or low/heat for qualitative measures.

Treatments are single levels assigned to single factors in an experimental unit during the experiment. Factors are the variables controlled by the experimenter and can be viewed as the stimulus for the experiment when the variables affect the response. Replication is the repeated observations which reduce measurement error.

142.

You’ve collected data for your project regarding the size of a valve opening on production equipment located at the end of the production line, measured to the nearest millimeter. What type of data have you gathered?

  • Continuous

  • Attribute

  • Locational 

  • Discrete

Correct answer: Continuous

Continuous data is gathered from measurement on a continuous scale, such as length, weight, or temperature. The scale is continuous because the measurement can be taken to an infinite value, for example, from 5.34 mm to 5.341 mm.

Attribute and discrete are two words for the same type of data that result from counting occurrences of events, such as the number of chairs around a table, the number of tables in a room, or the number of valves in a bin. Locational data is based on where it is coming from, such as the location of dents or scratches on a car.

143.

Which term is the most important concept that has been brought to business awareness in recent years and is defined by the customer based on the perception of usefulness of a product or service?

  • Value

  • Quality

  • Safety

  • Economic range

Correct answer: Value

Value is the term in the business community, which is the single most important concept defined by the customer based on the perception of the usefulness of a given product or service. The ultimate value of a product or service is defined by customers. Value-added process steps include steps recognized as value by the customer, steps that change the product, or steps that make sure the product or service is done right the first time.

Quality, safety, and economic range are incorrect as they are not customer based perceptions for the usefulness and necessity of a product.

144.

Which of the following is not an action through which control charts maintain statistical control and provide attributable evidence?

  • Countermeasures

  • Collection

  • Control

  • Capability

Correct answer: Countermeasures

Control charts maintain statistical control and provide attributable evidence through three main actions: data collection, control limits, and capability to meet customer specifications. Countermeasures are not part of these actions.

145.

What is the principal concept of jidoka in the control phase of a Six Sigma project, which explains why it applies the concepts of poka-yoke, automatic stops, and in-station quality controls?

  • Apply automation with human intelligence to decrease the need for monitoring and increase productivity gains

  • Replace detection and control systems and partially automate them

  • Integrate automation and human intelligence to enable productivity gains and remove operators

  • Alert operators to automatic stoppages to improve cycle times to increase defective products or components

Correct answer: Apply automation with human intelligence to decrease the need for monitoring and increase productivity gains

The principal concept of jidoka is to apply automation with human intelligence to decrease the need for monitoring and increase productivity gains. This is beneficial in the control phase of a Six Sigma project to sustain the team's gains.

Jidoka does not focus on removing operators, reducing defects, or replacing detection and control systems, although these may result from its application.

146.

David is building a SIPOC for a customer relationship management technology solution. Thus far he has mapped the suppliers and information feeding the process, as well as the specific reports, analytics, and data generated by the solution.  Which of the following components or elements are yet to be mapped by David?

  • Process activities, buyers, and users

  • Taxonomy, events, and tasks

  • Events, outputs, and actions

  • Decisions, taxonomy, and actions

Correct answer: Process activities, buyers, and users

SIPOCs consist of high-level documentation of suppliers, inputs, process activities, outputs, and customers. David therefore has yet to map process actions and customers, which consist of buyers and users.

Events and 'tasks' are vague terms within a SIPOC and could be construed as a process step or purchase and are therefore not used. Taxonomy is not a relevant component to a SIPOC.

147.

How is repeatability described?

  • Variation in measurement when measured by one appraiser on the same equipment

  • Variation of the average of the system appraisers

  • The range and the average are equal

  • The same measurement equipment is used

Correct answer: Variation in measurement when measured by one appraiser on the same equipment

Repeatability would be described as variation in measurements when measured by one appraiser using the same measuring system. Repeatability may refer to equipment variation or differences between appraisers.

Variation of the average of the system appraisers is incorrect because the averages are irrelevant in repeatability. The range and the average are equal is incorrect because the range is not used to calculate repeatability. The same measurement equipment is used is incorrect as it may affect repeatability, but would not describe it.

148.

What example is not an output from a process?

  • Dictation

  • Tennis ball

  • Prepared tax form

  • Home insurance policy

Correct answer: Dictation

Dictation is an input to a process and therefore not an output. The output of processes is services or products that are used by the customers of the process.

Tennis players, taxpayers, and homeowners need products and services like tennis balls, tax advice and preparation, and insurance.

 

149.

A Six Sigma team created a process map of a manufacturing execution system from its documentation, yet found that the products weren't ending up where the map said they should. What basic practice did they fail to perform prior to building the map?

  • Gemba

  • Kaizen

  • 5-S

  • Visual Factory

Correct answer: Gemba

Gemba literally means 'walking the floor'. Normally a practice by management to stay in touch with all matters in production, the team needed to have gathered data on live practices and performance prior to constructing their process map.

Kaizen, or incremental and continuous improvement, would be an action during or after the project, as would 5-S and Visual Factory, both designed to keep production orderly.

150.

All except which of the following are considered criterion of variables critical to quality when being selected for control charts?

  • Characteristics promising process improvement

  • Importance to customer perception

  • Objectivity

  • Clear indicators of quality achievement

Correct answer: Characteristics promising process improvement

Characteristics promising process improvement would not be considered one of the criteria of variables critical to quality when being selected for control charts. This is because characteristics promising process improvement is a focused criterion in the characteristics for analysis, not critical to quality measures used for control charts.

Criteria of variables critical to quality when being selected for control charts would include clear indicators of quality achievement, importance to customer perception, and objectivity. An additional item critical to quality when being selected for control charts is that the quality function deployment identifies the customer's needs and wants.

151.

While investigating variation in your process, you discover that your operators have varied skill levels and that there have been changes to the process settings in the equipment. What have you potentially discovered?

  • Special causes

  • Common causes

  • Random causes

  • Traditional causes

Correct answer: Special causes

Examples of special causes include significant changes in material quality received by suppliers, operators with varied skill levels, changes to process settings in equipment, and variations in the environment.

Common causes is variation that is inherent in a process, such as normal wear and tear of equipment, slow computer response time, or inadequate design. Random causes and traditional causes are not cause types in Six Sigma.

152.

Jennifer is developing her project charter to improve the online quoting process for her insurance company.  She is considering who in her company qualifies as an internal customer. Which selection is not likely to be an internal customer?

  • Fred Beamer, Senior Vice President of Sales

  • Soupy Sales, regional office manager

  • Joe Gloss, Marketing manager

  • Robert Drum, customer service manager

Correct answer: Fred Beamer, Senior Vice President of Sales

People who work within the process that the green belt is studying are considered internal customers. This would likely include the regional office manager, marketing manager, and customer service manager. However, a Senior Vice President would likely be a project sponsor.

153.

To test the proportion of a population that preferred one product over another, which of the following would you use?

  • Chi-squared distribution

  • t-distribution

  • F-distribution

  • Probability

Correct answer: Chi-squared distribution

A chi-squared distribution is most commonly applied when testing proportions.

A t-distribution is used when testing the difference between means. An F-distribution is used for the analysis of variances of two or more populations. Probability is the likelihood of an event occurring.

154.

Multi-vari plots are used to assign variation to all of the following except:

  • Total variation

  • Piece-to-piece variation

  • Within piece or sample variation

  • Time-to-time variation

Correct answer: Total variation

Multi-vari plots are not used to assign variation to total variation.

Multi-vari plots are used to assign variation to piece-to-piece variation, within piece or sample variation, and time-to-time variation. Multi-vari plots are used to analyze positional, cyclical, and temporal variation. These plots are used in Six Sigma to identify areas that have excess variation in order for the team to focus on those particular areas.

155.

Which of the following is variation that is inherent in a process?

  • Common cause variation

  • Special cause variation

  • Regular cause variation

  • Attribute cause variation

Correct answer: Common cause variation

Common cause variation is variation that is inherent in a process, such as normal wear and tear of equipment, slow computer response time, or inadequate design. Your process is considered in control when only common causes are present.   

Special cause variation consists of unexpected problems that affect a process. Also known as “assignable causes,” they are variations not previously observed, so they cannot be planned for and accounted for. Regular cause variation and attribute cause variation are not types of causes in Six Sigma.

156.

Arranging the required and rarely used items for use and ease of accessibility would be accomplished during which step of a 5S?

  • Set-in-order (straighten)

  • Sort

  • Shine

  • Standardize

Correct answer: Set-in-order (straighten)

In set-in-order (also known as straighten), required and rarely used items are arranged for use and ease of accessibility. Items used frequently are kept in convenient areas. Items used less frequently are kept out of the way. 5S is a organization tool that improves overall efficiency by making sure work areas are kept organized and clean of clutter. 5S represents sort, set-in-order (straighten), shine, standardize, and sustain.

Sort is incorrect as this phase removes unneeded items. Shine involves cleaning the work area and equipment. Standardize involves developing checklists and work instructions to help keep the work area clean and organized.

157.

Pull systems are improved by applying many efficiencies. Which of the following is not one of them?

  • Expansion of time for setup and changeover

  • Simplification

  • Elimination of unnecessary loops or rework

  • Positioning of inventory for rapid deployment and application

Correct answer: Expansion of time for setup and changeover

Pull systems are improved by applying many efficiencies, including simplification, minimization of time for setup and changeover, reduction of steps and handoffs, elimination of unnecessary loops or rework, and positioning of inventory for rapid deployment and application. It is not improved by expanding time for setup and changeover.

158.

Which financial tool is used to report how quality levels are being sustained on the shop floor?

  • Cost-benefit analysis

  • Voice of the customer

  • Balanced scorecard

  • Dashboard

Correct answer: Cost-benefit analysis

The cost-benefit analysis is used to report how quality levels are being sustained on the shop floor. The actions that take place on the shop floor can generally be categorized into prevention costs, appraisal costs, internal failure costs, and external failure costs. The cost-benefit analysis tool allows an organization to look at its trends over time in order to rate how it is doing.

Voice of the customer is a process used for obtaining information regarding the requirements, needs, expectations, and preferences of customers. Balanced scorecard is a metric that an organization uses to measure financial, customer, internal processes, and employee learning in order to ensure it is meeting customer and business needs. Dashboard is a visual representation of a company's real-time performance.

159.

Bob, a green belt, is looking to present a redesign of his factory floor working area to his Six Sigma Champion as part of his ongoing project. Which form of documentation should Bob select for this purpose?

  • Storyboard

  • Project milestone plan

  • Project charter

  • Fishbone diagram

Correct answer: Storyboard

A storyboard is an excellent tool by which to show proposed changes between the current and future state. As Bob is redesigning his work area, he should depict the redesign using a storyboard.

A project milestone plan can only show a summary level of planned changes. A project charter is not appropriate as this is an ongoing project.

A fishbone diagram is useful for identifying critical causes of an effect or outcome and can't show a planned redesign.

160.

The mean 1/λ and the variance 1/λ2 represent which of the following distributions?

  • Exponential

  • Normal

  • Binomial

  • Poisson

Correct answer: Exponential

The mean 1/λ and the variance 1/λ2 represent an exponential distribution. The exponential distribution is used to model the time between the occurrence of events in an interval of time.

The mean and the variance of a normal distribution are represented by μ and σ. The mean and the variance of a binomial distribution are represented by np and np(1-p). The mean and the variance of a Poisson distribution are represented by λ and λ.

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